Understanding Basic Concepts in ICT

Technology and ICT Literacy

• Technology encompasses processes and products that utilize knowledge, ranging from basic tools like pencil and paper to advanced electronic devices.
• ICT Literacy involves using digital technology and communication tools to access, manage, and evaluate information in a knowledge-driven society.
• ICT includes various communication devices, including radio, television, mobile phones, and computers, along with services like video conferencing and distance learning.

Components of ICT

• Human Resources

  • Central to ICT systems; involves the people who operate and manage knowledge systems, aiding in learning and decision-making based on data analysis.

• Database and Data Warehouse

  • Databases store data that can be queried using specific criteria; data warehouses aggregate diverse data for organizational needs.
  • The relevance of databases has increased with big data, which handles vast amounts of information for analysis.

• Cloud Computing

  • Refers to internet-based data centers accessible to multiple users, with functions distributed across various locations.
  • Types of clouds: enterprise (private), public (available to all), and hybrid (a mix of both).
  • Amazon AWS is recognized as the largest public cloud service.

• Telecommunications

  • Establishes network connections through wired (Ethernet, fiber optics) or wireless (Wi-Fi) means.
  • Networks can be local (LAN) for small areas like offices or expansive (WAN) covering broader regions, exemplified by the internet.

• Software

  • Essential for hardware operation, categorized into system software (e.g., Windows, iOS) and application software (e.g., Microsoft Office).
  • System software manages hardware, while application software serves specific user tasks like document creation and video editing.

• Hardware

  • Physical components of technology, consisting of devices from compact smartphones to large supercomputers.
  • Includes peripherals like keyboards and routers, alongside a growing trend of interconnected devices in everyday environments.

Educational Technology and Digital Literacy

• Educational Technology

  • Encompasses all technological tools used in teaching, including both non-digital (e.g., flip charts) and digital tools (e.g., software).

• Digital Literacy

  • The capability to find, evaluate, and create content using information technologies and the Internet, incorporating both cognitive and technical skills.
  • Essential skills for digital literacy involve critical thinking, effective communication, collaboration, creativity, and online safety.

Critical Thinking in Digital Literacy

• Involves analyzing and synthesizing online information to differentiate between credible sources and misinformation.
• Critical thinking enhances individuals' ability to navigate the digital landscape thoughtfully and informedly.