Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

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What is the central atom in an aldehyde?

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Carbon (correct)

What is the catalyst used in the Rosenmund reduction to prepare aldehydes?

Palladium on barium sulfate (correct)

Palladium on silica gel

Palladium on calcium carbonate

Palladium on carbon

What is the hybridization of the carbonyl carbon in a ketone?

dsp2

sp

sp3

sp2 (correct)

What is the product of the reaction of acid chlorides with dialkyl cadmium?

Ketones (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the polarity of the carbonyl group in ketones?

Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate bond angle in the structure of ketones?

120° (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for carboxylic acids?

R-COOH (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when primary alcohols are oxidized with common oxidizing agents?

They are oxidized to carboxylic acids (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of carboxylic acids that contributes to their high boiling points?

Their ability to participate in hydrogen bonding (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the method used to prepare dialkyl cadmium?

Reaction of Grignard reagents with cadmium chloride (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of carboxylic acids industrially?

They are used in the production of pharmaceuticals, food additives, solvents, and polymers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the COOH group in carboxylic acids?

It is acidic in nature (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the formation of stable dimers in carboxylic acids?

Owing to their ability to participate in hydrogen bonding (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of oxidation of primary alcohols with common oxidizing agents?

Formation of carboxylic acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Grignard reagents in the preparation of dialkyl cadmium?

To prepare dialkyl cadmium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the C=O group in carboxylic acids?

It is responsible for their ability to participate in hydrogen bonding (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and ketones?

They are all carbonyl compounds (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the reaction of acid chlorides with dialkyl cadmium?

Formation of mixed ketones (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the reaction of acid chlorides with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst?

Rosenmund reduction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the barium sulfate in the Rosenmund reduction?

To increase the surface area of the palladium catalyst (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the carbonyl carbon in a ketone?

Trigonal planar (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a use of ketones?

Food additives (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the R group in an aldehyde?

Either an alkyl or aryl group (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the dialkyl cadmium in the preparation of ketones?

To react with acid chlorides to form ketones (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the palladium catalyst in the Rosenmund reduction?

To reduce the acid chlorides to aldehydes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between aldehydes and ketones?

The presence of a carbon-containing substituent on both sides (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of barium sulfate in the Rosenmund reduction?

To support the palladium catalyst (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the carbonyl group in ketones?

It is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the industrial use of ketones?

As solvents and pharmaceuticals (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of ketones centered around the carbonyl carbon?

Trigonal planar (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for a carboxylic acid?

R-COOH (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can mixed ketones be prepared conveniently?

By reacting acid chlorides with dialkyl cadmium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids?

They are all carbonyl compounds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the O-H bond in carboxylic acids?

It donates hydrogen in hydrogen bonding (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the C=O group in carboxylic acids?

It is responsible for the polarity of the molecule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of carboxylic acids industrially?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

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Questions and Answers

What is the central atom in an aldehyde?

What is the catalyst used in the Rosenmund reduction to prepare aldehydes?

What is the hybridization of the carbonyl carbon in a ketone?

What is the product of the reaction of acid chlorides with dialkyl cadmium?

What is the reason for the polarity of the carbonyl group in ketones?

What is the approximate bond angle in the structure of ketones?

What is the general formula for carboxylic acids?

What happens when primary alcohols are oxidized with common oxidizing agents?

What is the characteristic feature of carboxylic acids that contributes to their high boiling points?

What is the method used to prepare dialkyl cadmium?

What is the significance of carboxylic acids industrially?

What is the characteristic feature of the COOH group in carboxylic acids?

What is the primary reason for the formation of stable dimers in carboxylic acids?

What is the consequence of oxidation of primary alcohols with common oxidizing agents?

What is the purpose of using Grignard reagents in the preparation of dialkyl cadmium?

What is the significance of the C=O group in carboxylic acids?

What is the common characteristic of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and ketones?

What is the consequence of the reaction of acid chlorides with dialkyl cadmium?

What is the term used to describe the reaction of acid chlorides with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst?

What is the purpose of the barium sulfate in the Rosenmund reduction?

What is the shape of the carbonyl carbon in a ketone?

Which of the following is NOT a use of ketones?

What is the term used to describe the R group in an aldehyde?

What is the purpose of the dialkyl cadmium in the preparation of ketones?

What is the function of the palladium catalyst in the Rosenmund reduction?

What is the main difference between aldehydes and ketones?

What is the purpose of barium sulfate in the Rosenmund reduction?

What is the characteristic feature of the carbonyl group in ketones?

What is the industrial use of ketones?

What is the structure of ketones centered around the carbonyl carbon?

What is the general formula for a carboxylic acid?

How can mixed ketones be prepared conveniently?

What is the common characteristic of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids?

What is the role of the O-H bond in carboxylic acids?

What is the significance of the C=O group in carboxylic acids?

What is the use of carboxylic acids industrially?

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