Practical Organic Chemistry-I: Aldehydes & Ketones

Which of the following aldehydes is characterized by a pungent odor?

What is the physical state of formaldehyde under standard conditions?

Which compound is immiscible in water?

What is the characteristic odor of benzaldehyde?

Why was soda lime not applied to formaldehyde?

What is indicated by a clear yellow solution in the Iodoform Test?

Which compound emits a crimson red color in the Salicylic Acid Test?

What is the expected result for Acetaldehyde in the Sod.nitroprusside Test?

What does a yellow precipitate indicate in the Iodoform Test?

What observation suggests that sodium carbonate might not be a strong acidic compound?

Which of the following results indicates a negative test result for Acetaldehyde in the Salicylic Acid Test?

What is the procedure step for the Iodoform Test after adding I2 solution?

What indicates a negative result in the 30% NaOH Test?

Practical Organic Chemistry-I (Aldehydes, Ketones)

Lab 5, Fall Semester 2024-2025

Laboratory Equipment

Test tubes, rack
Filter paper
Test tube clamps
Beaker with markings (graduated cylinder)

Chemicals

Formaldehyde
[316] Phenyl Acetaldehyde
Benzaldehyde
Acetophenone

Aldehydes and Ketones

Aldehydes have a formyl group at one end of the chain
Ketones have a carbonyl group within the chain
Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, and Acetophenone are examples
Aliphatic and Aromatic

Physical Characterization

Compound	Condition	Color	Odor	Miscibility with Water
Formaldehyde	Liquid, mobile	Colorless	Pungent	Miscible
Acetaldehyde	Liquid, mobile	Colorless	Disagreeable	Miscible
Benzaldehyde	Liquid, mobile	Colorless	Bitter almonds	Immiscible
Acetophenone	Liquid, mobile	Colorless	Characteristic	Immiscible

Chemical Characterization

Soda Lime: Not applicable to all
FeCl₃: No characteristic observation
Na₂CO₃: No effervescence (indicates not a strong acid)

Tests and Observations

I- lodoform Test:
- Positive result (Acetaldehyde, Acetophenone): Yellow precipitate (turbidity)
- Negative result (Formaldehyde, Benzaldehyde): Clear yellow solution
II- Sod. nitroprusside Test:
- Positive result (Acetaldehyde, Acetophenone): Red color
- Negative result (Formaldehyde, Benzaldehyde): No color change
III- Salicylic acid Test:
- Positive result (Formaldehyde): Crimson red color
- Negative result (Acetaldehyde, Acetophenone, Benzaldehyde): No color change
IV- 30% NaOH Test:
- Positive result (Acetaldehyde): Yellow resin with bad odor
- Negative result (Formaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, Acetophenone): No significant change

Test your knowledge on aldehydes and ketones in this quiz based on the Practical Organic Chemistry-I lab session. Focus on the properties, uses, and characteristics of compounds like formaldehyde, benzaldehyde, and acetophenone. Ideal for students in the Fall Semester 2024-2025.