Sbobine 01 - Adaptation - MOD Sem 1 Pathology
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following can lead to pathological hypertrophy in the heart?

  • Skin hyperplasia
  • Hormonal stimulation
  • Myocardial infarction (correct)
  • Normal adaptation

    • During pregnancy, what happens to the size of the uterus?

  • It undergoes hypertrophy (correct)
  • It remains the same
  • It undergoes hyperplasia
  • It decreases

    • Which of the following best describes the subject of study in pathology?

  • The morphological changes associated with the disease (correct)
  • The progression of the disease
  • The cause of the disease
  • The signs and symptoms of the disease

    • What are the mechanisms responsible for myocardial hypertrophy?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of general pathology in the field of medicine?

    <p>To bridge the gap between basic science and clinical practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major cause of death and a risk factor for heart failure if left undiagnosed?

    <p>Pathological hypertrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to study the pathogenesis of a disease?

    <p>To develop targeted treatments for the disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases exemplifies the need to understand the mechanism of a disease for effective treatment?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in our body are continuously dividing and renewing every day?

    <p>Labile cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a change in the phenotype of cells, specifically a change in the differentiation of epithelial cells?

    <p>Metaplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is dysplasia not considered an adaptation?

    <p>It is the first step towards neoplastic transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe an increase in the size of cells?

    <p>Hypertrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes Rudolf Virchow's contribution to pathology?

    <p>He observed that diseases start from the disease of a single cell type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of adaptation in cells?

    <p>It is a reversible change in the phenotype of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe an increase in the size of a cell without an increase in the number of cells?

    <p>Hypertrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a decrease in the size of a cell or a decrease in the size and number of cells?

    <p>Atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of pathological atrophy?

    <p>Increased metabolic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of atrophy?

    <p>Decreased metabolic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of physiological atrophy?

    <p>Inadequate nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?

    <p>Hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size, while hyperplasia involves an increase in cell number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of compensatory hyperplasia?

    <p>Hepatocyte hyperplasia after liver resection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main danger of hyperplasia?

    <p>It can lead to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a pathological hyperplasia?

    <p>Prostatic hyperplasia in old men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of hyperplasia?

    <p>Both proliferation of tissue stem cells and growth factor-driven proliferation of mature cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells undergo metaplasia?

    <p>Epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of epithelial metaplasia in the respiratory tract?

    <p>Chronic irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the normal epithelium in the respiratory tract during metaplasia?

    <p>It is replaced by another type of epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does metaplasia occur in the respiratory tract?

    <p>Due to chronic irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What important mechanisms of protection are lost during metaplasia in the respiratory tract?

    <p>Cilia and mucosal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the danger of metaplasia in the respiratory tract?

    <p>Increased risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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