Sbobine 01 - Adaptation - MOD Sem 1 Pathology
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following can lead to pathological hypertrophy in the heart?

  • Skin hyperplasia
  • Hormonal stimulation
  • Myocardial infarction (correct)
  • Normal adaptation

During pregnancy, what happens to the size of the uterus?

  • It undergoes hypertrophy (correct)
  • It remains the same
  • It undergoes hyperplasia
  • It decreases

Which of the following best describes the subject of study in pathology?

  • The morphological changes associated with the disease (correct)
  • The progression of the disease
  • The cause of the disease
  • The signs and symptoms of the disease

What are the mechanisms responsible for myocardial hypertrophy?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of general pathology in the field of medicine?

<p>To bridge the gap between basic science and clinical practice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major cause of death and a risk factor for heart failure if left undiagnosed?

<p>Pathological hypertrophy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to study the pathogenesis of a disease?

<p>To develop targeted treatments for the disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases exemplifies the need to understand the mechanism of a disease for effective treatment?

<p>Cystic fibrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells in our body are continuously dividing and renewing every day?

<p>Labile cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a change in the phenotype of cells, specifically a change in the differentiation of epithelial cells?

<p>Metaplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is dysplasia not considered an adaptation?

<p>It is the first step towards neoplastic transformation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe an increase in the size of cells?

<p>Hypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes Rudolf Virchow's contribution to pathology?

<p>He observed that diseases start from the disease of a single cell type (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of adaptation in cells?

<p>It is a reversible change in the phenotype of cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe an increase in the size of a cell without an increase in the number of cells?

<p>Hypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a decrease in the size of a cell or a decrease in the size and number of cells?

<p>Atrophy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of pathological atrophy?

<p>Increased metabolic activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of atrophy?

<p>Decreased metabolic activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of physiological atrophy?

<p>Inadequate nutrition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?

<p>Hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size, while hyperplasia involves an increase in cell number. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of compensatory hyperplasia?

<p>Hepatocyte hyperplasia after liver resection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main danger of hyperplasia?

<p>It can lead to cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a pathological hyperplasia?

<p>Prostatic hyperplasia in old men (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the mechanisms of hyperplasia?

<p>Both proliferation of tissue stem cells and growth factor-driven proliferation of mature cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells undergo metaplasia?

<p>Epithelial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of epithelial metaplasia in the respiratory tract?

<p>Chronic irritation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the normal epithelium in the respiratory tract during metaplasia?

<p>It is replaced by another type of epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does metaplasia occur in the respiratory tract?

<p>Due to chronic irritation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What important mechanisms of protection are lost during metaplasia in the respiratory tract?

<p>Cilia and mucosal cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger of metaplasia in the respiratory tract?

<p>Increased risk of infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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