30 Questions
Which of the following can lead to pathological hypertrophy in the heart?
Myocardial infarction
During pregnancy, what happens to the size of the uterus?
It undergoes hypertrophy
Which of the following best describes the subject of study in pathology?
The morphological changes associated with the disease
What are the mechanisms responsible for myocardial hypertrophy?
All of the above
What is the role of general pathology in the field of medicine?
To bridge the gap between basic science and clinical practice
What is a major cause of death and a risk factor for heart failure if left undiagnosed?
Pathological hypertrophy
Why is it important to study the pathogenesis of a disease?
To develop targeted treatments for the disease
Which of the following diseases exemplifies the need to understand the mechanism of a disease for effective treatment?
Cystic fibrosis
Which type of cells in our body are continuously dividing and renewing every day?
Labile cells
What is the term used to describe a change in the phenotype of cells, specifically a change in the differentiation of epithelial cells?
Metaplasia
Why is dysplasia not considered an adaptation?
It is the first step towards neoplastic transformation
What is the term used to describe an increase in the size of cells?
Hypertrophy
Which of the following statements best describes Rudolf Virchow's contribution to pathology?
He observed that diseases start from the disease of a single cell type
Which of the following best describes the concept of adaptation in cells?
It is a reversible change in the phenotype of cells
What is the term used to describe an increase in the size of a cell without an increase in the number of cells?
Hypertrophy
What is the term used to describe a decrease in the size of a cell or a decrease in the size and number of cells?
Atrophy
Which of the following is NOT a cause of pathological atrophy?
Increased metabolic activity
What is the main mechanism of atrophy?
Decreased metabolic activity
Which of the following is NOT a cause of physiological atrophy?
Inadequate nutrition
What is the main difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?
Hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size, while hyperplasia involves an increase in cell number.
Which of the following is an example of compensatory hyperplasia?
Hepatocyte hyperplasia after liver resection
What is the main danger of hyperplasia?
It can lead to cancer
Which of the following is a pathological hyperplasia?
Prostatic hyperplasia in old men
What are the mechanisms of hyperplasia?
Both proliferation of tissue stem cells and growth factor-driven proliferation of mature cells
Which type of cells undergo metaplasia?
Epithelial cells
What is the most common cause of epithelial metaplasia in the respiratory tract?
Chronic irritation
What happens to the normal epithelium in the respiratory tract during metaplasia?
It is replaced by another type of epithelium
Why does metaplasia occur in the respiratory tract?
Due to chronic irritation
What important mechanisms of protection are lost during metaplasia in the respiratory tract?
Cilia and mucosal cells
What is the danger of metaplasia in the respiratory tract?
Increased risk of infection
Discover the mechanisms of hyperplasia and stem cell activation in the liver with this quiz. Test your knowledge on inducing the proliferation of the stem cell pool and the role of immune and endothelial cells in tissue growth.
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