Ultrasonic Sensor and LCD Interface Quiz

Ultrasonic Sensor

• Measures distance using ultrasonic sound waves
• Primarily used as proximity sensors
• Found in self-parking cars, anti-collision systems, robotic obstacle detection, and manufacturing
• Uses the travel time of the sound wave to determine distance
• Two parameters are used: echo pin and state of the pulse (high or low)
• Distance calculation: distance = (duration * 0.0343) / 2

LCD Display

• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) provides user interface
• Produces graphic images
• Popular LCD models: 2 or more lines, 16-20 character text
• Used in conjunction with the ultrasonic sensor to provide distance readings to the user

Arduino Code

• trigPin: Output pin for triggering the ultrasonic sensor
• echoPin: Input pin for receiving the echo signal
• buzzer: Output pin for a buzzer, triggered when object is too close
• ledPin: Output pin for an LED, triggered when object is too close
• duration: Stores the time of the pulse
• distance:Calculated distance from duration
• safetyDistance:Stores the calculated distance
• pulseln(): Function to read the travel time of the sound wave
• setup(): Initial setup for the Arduino
  • Sets pins to input or output
  • Sends trigger signal
  • Function to read the travel time of the sound wave
• loop(): Main function executed repeatedly
  • Measures distance
  • Determines if distance is within safe range
  • Prints the distance to the serial monitor
  • Controls buzzer and LED based on safety distance
• VO: LCD contrast (brightness)
• RS: Register select, selects if commands or data are being sent
• RW: Read/write, controls reading data
• E: Enable the display
• DB: The data buses carrying the data