Questions and Answers
What does 'Arma virumque cano' refer to?
The start to the Aeneid, about warfare and a man at war
What does Jupiter prophesy regarding Aeneas?
Aeneas will fight and win a battle in Italy.
Who is Ascanius/Lulus?
The son of Aeneas who founded Alba Longa.
What is significant about Palatine Hill?
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What year is associated with the founding of Rome?
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What were the 'Reges' in Roman history?
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Who was Romulus?
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What are 'patres'?
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What was the purpose of Romulus's festival involving the Sabine women?
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What are 'Spolia Opima'?
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Who was Numa Pompilius?
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What is notable about Tullus Hostilius?
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What did Ancus Marcius do as king?
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What is the original name of Lucumo: Tarquinius Priscus?
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Who was Tanaquil?
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Study Notes
Aeneid and its Themes
- "Arma virumque cano" translates to "I sing of arms and the man," introducing Virgil's epic, the Aeneid, focused on war and heroism during Augustus's reign.
Prophecy of Rome's Future
- Jupiter predicts Aeneas's victories in Italy and foresees a lineage ruling for 300 years.
Ascanius/Lulus
- Aeneas's son, Ascanius, established Alba Longa post his father's death and is an ancestor to Romulus and Remus.
Historical Foundations
- Palatine Hill: Site where Romulus and Remus were discovered by the she-wolf Lupa.
- 753 BC: The legendary founding year of Rome by Romulus.
Early Monarchy: Reges
- The term "Reges" signifies early kings in Rome, starting with Romulus and followed by Numa Pompilius as the second king through Senate selection.
Romulus: Legacy and Death
- Romulus, the legendary founder and first king, initiated the Roman Senate, created classes (patricians), and established asylum.
- His death is attributed to either murder, jealousy, or ascension to heaven, as noted by Livy.
Senators and Patricians
- Patres: The original senators whose lineage became known as patricians in Roman society.
The Abduction of the Sabine Women
- Romulus organized a festival to secure wives for Roman men, leading to the controversial abduction of Sabine women, who later united the cities to end conflict.
Military Honors: Spolia Opima
- The term "Spolia Opima" refers to honors given for defeating an enemy in single combat, traditionally associated with Numa.
Numa Pompilius
- Numa, the second king, established religious calendar practices, the Temple of Janus, and various cults, including those of Mars and Jupiter.
Tullus Hostilius: Conquests and Cultural Shift
- Tullus, the third king, expanded Rome after defeating Alba Longa, which became a vassal state and later faced destruction due to betrayal.
Ancus Marcius: Religious and Military Contributions
- Ancus, the fourth king, publicized religious rites established by Numa, expanded territory by war against the Latins, and constructed Rome's first prison and a wooden bridge over the Tiber.
Lucumo: Tarquinius Priscus
- The fifth king, originally named Lucumo, increased the Senate's membership and oversaw major infrastructure projects like the Circus Maximus and Cloaca Maxima, Rome's sewage system.
Tanaquil: Influence and Prophecy
- Tanaquil, wife of Tarquinius, played a crucial role in elevating her husband and son (Superbus) to power, influencing events through prophecies, including one regarding Servius's rise to kingship.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key terms from UCLA Classics 20. This quiz covers important phrases and themes from Virgil's Aeneid, including its opening lines and prophecies regarding Rome's future. Challenge yourself and deepen your understanding of classical literature.
