RADIOLOGY LECTURE 4 ~~~~
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Questions and Answers

What is the measure of effective dose (E) in radiation exposure?

  • Sievert (Sv) (correct)
  • Milligray (mGy)
  • Röntgen (R)
  • Gray (Gy)

Which method of imaging delivers significantly more radiation exposure?

  • Ultrasound
  • MRI scan
  • Chest X-ray
  • CT scan (correct)

What is the SI unit for measuring radiation absorbed dose (D)?

  • Röntgen (R)
  • Sievert (Sv)
  • Millisievert (mSv)
  • Gray (Gy) (correct)

What does the reference dose indicate in radiographic examinations?

<p>A level that should not be exceeded (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely unit for natural background radiation dose measurements?

<p>Millisievert (mSv) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effective dose (E) calculated by?

<p>Multiplying the equivalent dose (H) by the tissue weighting factor (WT) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the highest radiation dosage level for dental X-rays?

<p>CBCT (full jaw) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the accumulation of X-ray doses a concern in dental practice?

<p>Frequent X-rays may increase the risk of malignancy over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'dose limitation' in the context of radiation exposure?

<p>Setting maximum allowable levels of radiation for individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle advocates for the use of the lowest dose possible in radiation exposure?

<p>Optimization (ALARP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dose limit for non-classified workers like dentists?

<p>6 mSv (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) defined?

<p>As guidelines to ensure procedures do not exceed set dose levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What radiation quality weighting factor is assigned to X-rays and gamma rays?

<p>1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Background radiation

Naturally occurring, unavoidable radiation from sources like radon, food, drink, cosmic rays, and some artificial sources.

Effective Dose Unit

Sievert (Sv), measured in millisieverts (mSv).

CT Scan Radiation

A 3D imaging technique exposing a person to significantly more radiation (1400 µSv) compared to a chest X-ray (14 µSv).

Radiation Absorbed Dose (D)

Measures energy absorbed by tissue per unit mass from radiation.

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Reference Dose

A set level of radiation exposure for a particular medical imaging procedure that shouldn't be exceeded.

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Dental X-ray Dosage

Different dental X-ray procedures have varying radiation doses; intraoral (bitewing/periapical) = 2 µSv, panoramic = 20 µSv, 3D CBCT (section) = 40 µSv, and full-jaw CBCT = 80 µSv.

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Justification Principle

Use X-rays only when the benefits of the diagnostic information outweigh the risks of radiation exposure.

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Optimization Principle

Use the lowest possible radiation dose while still achieving the necessary diagnostic information; the ALARP principle (As Low As Reasonably Practicable).

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Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs)

Guidelines for appropriate radiation dose levels for common X-ray procedures; they should not be exceeded unless justified.

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Effective Dose (E)

Represents the overall risk of stochastic health effects from ionizing radiation; calculated by multiplying the equivalent dose (H) by the tissue weighting factor (WT).

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CBCT

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a three-dimensional imaging technique; includes full and partial jaw options.

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Radiation Dose Limits

Maximum allowable levels of radiation exposure for individuals, which should not be exceeded. Different groups have different limits

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Radiation Quality Weighting Factor

A factor that measures how harmful different types of radiation are to human tissue (X-rays/gamma = 1, neutrons =10, alpha = 20).

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