RADIOLOGY LECTURE 2 ~~

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What is the primary function of the collimator in X-ray equipment?

To enhance the color of the X-ray image

To eliminate all X-ray emissions

To increase the energy of X-ray photons

To limit the size of the X-ray beam (correct)

How does the position of an electron in relation to the tungsten nucleus influence the energy of X-ray photons produced?

The energy is solely based on the type of material used

Closer proximity results in greater deflection and energy loss (correct)

Greater distance leads to higher energy photons

It has no effect on the energy produced

What role does the spacer cone play in X-ray imaging?

It filters low-energy X-ray photons

It sets the focus-to-skin distance and indicates beam direction (correct)

It enhances the contrast of the X-ray image

It generates X-ray photons of varying energies

What is the function of the aluminum filter in dental X-ray equipment?

To absorb and remove low-energy photons from the X-ray beam Signup and view all the answers

In a characteristic spectrum graph of X-rays, what does the presence of peaks indicate?

Specific energy levels where fewer X-rays are produced Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of X-rays in medical imaging?

They are wave packets of energy that can penetrate human tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a 70kV electric current is applied in X-ray production?

It results in a maximum photon energy of 70,000 electron volts. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic spectrum in X-ray production?

A spectrum of X-rays with specific energy levels related to electron transitions. Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the kV affect the X-ray production process?

It increases both the number and energy of the photons. Signup and view all the answers

What is E-max in the context of X-ray photon energy?

The maximum energy that a photon can achieve. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding the low-energy photons produced in X-ray production?

They are more dangerous and have limited diagnostic use. Signup and view all the answers

What directly influences the energy of photons produced in X-ray machines?

The kV applied to the system. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does stopping electrons from reaching the target have in X-ray generation?

It reduces the production of X-rays. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does lowering the kV have on film contrast?

Shows bigger contrast with fewer shades of grey Signup and view all the answers

At what kV does a characteristic spectrum of X-ray production occur?

70kV or more Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the step-up transformer in an X-ray machine?

To increase the mains voltage to the high voltage required Signup and view all the answers

Which component in the X-ray unit is responsible for producing heat?

Tungsten target Signup and view all the answers

Why are low-energy photons considered more dangerous than high-energy photons?

They get absorbed in soft tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended thickness of aluminum filtration for X-ray sets operating above 70kV?

2.5mm Signup and view all the answers

What does the focus-to-skin distance (FSD) refer to?

Distance from the focal spot to the patient Signup and view all the answers

Why is a long focus-to-skin distance considered safer?

It reduces the amount of radiation to the patient Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the milliampere (mA) setting is increased?

Darker images are produced (overexposed) Signup and view all the answers

What role does aluminum play in radiation safety?

It filters out low-energy photons Signup and view all the answers

Why shouldn’t a dentist hold the X-ray tube head during exposure?

Leaked radiation may irradiate their hand Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using rectangular collimation in dental X-rays?

To reduce patient dose by 50% Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of tungsten is crucial for producing X-rays?

High atomic number and potential to emit photons Signup and view all the answers

What determines the overall photon energy produced in X-ray production?

The energy of the incoming electron and voltage applied Signup and view all the answers