Modern Atomic Theory Quiz & Flashcards: Energy Transitions

Questions and Answers

What is the electron cloud model?

A model that describes atoms as indivisible spheres

A model that depicts electrons embedded in positively charged matter

A model where electrons orbit the nucleus in defined paths

A model where electrons surround the nucleus in clouds of probable locations (correct)

What is an emission spectrum?

A spectrum of wavelengths of light emitted by a substance (correct)

A spectrum showing only the absorption wavelengths

A method of measuring the intensity of light

A general description of electromagnetic radiation

What is the photoelectric effect?

The process in which matter emits electrons as the result of absorbing light.

All of the proposed ideas by Dalton, Thompson, and Rutherford are still used in the Modern Theory of the Atom.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which statements are part of the Early Atomic Theory? (Check all that apply)

Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form compounds. Signup and view all the answers

Does light shining on a strip of metal dislodge electrons more consistently suggest that light is made up of waves or particles?

Particles Signup and view all the answers

Which situations most likely produce a photoelectric effect?

Shining dim blue light on a strip of metal Signup and view all the answers

If a hydrogen electron is elevated from level 1 to level 2 and another is elevated from level 2 to level 4, which transition requires the greatest energy change?

Level 2 to level 4 Signup and view all the answers

Which transition results in the emission of light with the greatest energy?

Level 4 to level 2 Signup and view all the answers

Identify each of the atomic models described here.

Atoms are indivisible spheres = Dalton model Electrons orbit the nucleus in specific paths = Bohr model Electrons are embedded in a mass of positively charged matter = Plum pudding model Signup and view all the answers

An electron's position cannot be known precisely. Only its probability of being in a certain location can be known. Which model does this describe?

Electron cloud model Signup and view all the answers

Electrons orbit the nucleus in specific, defined paths. Each path has a specified energy. Which model does this describe?

Bohr model Signup and view all the answers

Electrons are embedded in a mass of positively charged matter. Which model does this describe?

Plum pudding model Signup and view all the answers

Describe the photoelectric effect and explain why it made modifications to the Rutherford model necessary.

Electrons are emitted only for certain wavelengths, and those wavelengths vary from atom to atom. The energy of emitted electrons depends on the energy of the light, not its intensity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Bohr model of the atom and the Rutherford model?

In the Rutherford model, electrons can exist in any location outside the nucleus. In the Bohr model, electrons can exist only in certain energy levels surrounding the atom. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Modern Atomic Theory Concepts

Electron Cloud Model: Protons and neutrons form a dense nucleus; electrons exist in clouds indicating probable locations around the nucleus.
Emission Spectrum: Displays emitted wavelengths as colorful lines against a dark background, unique to each element.
Photoelectric Effect: Describes how materials release electrons upon absorbing light.

Historical Models and Theories

Early Atomic Theory: Atoms are indivisible; combine in whole ratios to form compounds; cannot be created or destroyed in reactions.
Dalton's Model: Describes atoms as indivisible spheres.
Plum Pudding Model: Suggests electrons are embedded in positively charged matter.
Bohr Model: Electrons occupy defined energy levels with specific paths around the nucleus.

Key Differences Between Models

Bohr vs. Rutherford:
- Rutherford allows free electron locations; Bohr restricts them to defined energy levels.
- In the Bohr model, energy levels correlate to specific emissions.

Energy Transitions and Light Emission

Light emission occurs when electrons drop between energy levels, with transitions from higher to lower levels releasing energy proportional to the energy difference.
The transition from level 4 to level 2 produces the highest energy light emission.
The photoelectric effect indicates that specific light wavelengths are needed to eject electrons, thus modifying previous atomic models.

Photoelectric Effect Observation

Electrons are emitted only at specific photon energies, contradicting the notion that intensity alone governs electron release.
Blue light, with higher energy, is more effective than red in causing the photoelectric effect.

Unique Elements and Energy Levels

Each element has a distinct emission spectrum due to unique energy levels.
The Bohr model explains this by correlating electron transitions to specific emitted wavelengths based on energy differences.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Modern Atomic Theory with these flashcards. Each card covers key concepts such as the electron cloud model and emission spectra, essential for understanding atomic structure. Enhance your understanding and retention of modern chemistry principles through this interactive quiz format.

U1L1: The Modern Atomic Theory Flashcards