Questions and Answers
Which of the following symptoms is typically seen in the 1st week of Typhoidal Salmonella infection?
Bronchitis
What is the long-term effect associated with Typhoidal Salmonella infection?
Arthritis
Which bacterial species causes bubonic plague with painful buboes in the groin, armpit, or neck?
Yersinia pestis
What is the high infectivity route for Yersinia pestis?
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Which virulence factor is associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae infections?
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What type of infection can Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cause?
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Which bacteria secretes hemolysin, binds glycolipids on epithelial cells, and can cause neonatal meningitis?
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Which bacterial infection is characterized by abdominal cramps, fever, and a stool filled with blood and mucous components?
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Which bacterial infection can lead to lobar pneumonia and intraabdominal infections affecting the spleen and liver?
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Which bacteria has more than 2500 O serotypes and can cause meningitis and septicemia with subsequent localized infections like endocarditis?
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Which bacterial infection presents with watery diarrhea mediated by an enterotoxin that progresses to bloody/mucoid stool and produces shiga toxin?
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Which bacterial infection is known for invading M cells, causing diarrhea with fever, abdominal cramps, and can lead to septicemia with localized infections like endocarditis?
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Which Enterobacteriaceae organism is known for causing neonatal meningitis and bacteremia?
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Which strain of Escherichia coli causes lesions of microvilli on enterocytes followed by polymerization of actin leading to cell death?
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Which toxigenic strain of Escherichia coli works after adherence to mucosal surfaces and causes watery diarrhea with no blood, mucous, or white blood cells in stool?
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Which strain of Escherichia coli produces shiga/verotoxins causing either watery or bloody diarrhea, HUS, Thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and death?
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Which pathogen uses pInv genes to mediate invasion of colonic epithelial cells and move within them using actin tails, causing watery diarrhea?
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Which enteropathogenic bacterium is known for causing disease primarily in impoverished countries and may progress to bloody diarrhea in rare cases?
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Study Notes
- Typhoidal Salmonella (Typhi and Paratyphi) have a long incubation period, low infectious dose, and present with various symptoms over three weeks including fever, headache, confusion, rose spots, abdominal tenderness, and diarrhea. Long-term effects may include arthritis.
- Yersinia Spp, including Y. pestis, is transmitted by fleas and can cause diseases like bubonic plague (with painful buboes), septicemia plague, and pulmonary plague. Y. enterocolitica can lead to gastroenteritis, septicemia, and osteomyelitis.
- Klebsiella Spp have virulence factors like polysaccharidic capsule (K), adhesins, and siderophores. They can cause infections like pneumonia, UTIs, and surgical wound infections.
- Uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC) secretes hemolysin, causing symptoms like dysuria, hematuria, pyelonephritis, and neonatal meningitis. E.coli is a common cause of UTIs.
- Shigella Spp, with humans as the only reservoir, causes shigellosis characterized by abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and fever. S.dysenteriae produces shiga toxin disrupting protein synthesis.
- Non-Typhoidal Salmonella has a shorter incubation period, high infectious dose, and presents with symptoms like diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, nausea/vomiting. It can lead to meningitis, lobar pneumonia, and septicemia.
- Escherichia Spp can cause neonatal meningitis and bacteremia. EPEC causes A/E lesions leading to cell death, EIEC and some E.coli strains cause watery or bloody diarrhea, and EHEC (O157:H7) produces shiga/verotoxins leading to severe symptoms like HUS and hemolytic anemia. EAEC forms biofilms and resists phagocytosis.
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