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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of a closed system?
What is the primary characteristic of a closed system?
What is the reference point for the Celsius temperature scale?
What is the reference point for the Celsius temperature scale?
What is an ideal gas?
What is an ideal gas?
What is the characteristic of an ideal gas molecule?
What is the characteristic of an ideal gas molecule?
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What is the purpose of the absolute temperature scale?
What is the purpose of the absolute temperature scale?
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What is the main difference between an open system and a closed system?
What is the main difference between an open system and a closed system?
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What is the freezing point of water in the Fahrenheit temperature scale?
What is the freezing point of water in the Fahrenheit temperature scale?
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What is the interaction between ideal gas molecules?
What is the interaction between ideal gas molecules?
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Study Notes
Types of Systems
- A closed system has a fixed amount of mass, and no mass can cross its boundary, but energy can enter or leave in the form of heat or work.
- An open system allows both mass and energy to cross its boundary, which is called a control surface.
- An isolated system does not interact with its surroundings, meaning there is no heat transfer across the system boundary.
Temperature Scales
- The Celsius temperature scale is based on 0°C for the freezing point of water and 100°C for the boiling point of water.
- The Fahrenheit temperature scale is based on 32°F for the freezing point of water and 212°F for the boiling point of water.
- The absolute temperature scale is based on the temperature at which the amount of energy stored inside a body completely vanishes, and is used in thermodynamic calculations.
Ideal Gas
- An ideal gas is a hypothetical gas composed of molecules that follow certain rules, used to model and predict the behavior of real gases.
- Ideal gas molecules do not attract or repel each other, and only interact through elastic collisions with each other or the container walls.
- Ideal gas molecules are approximated as point particles that take up no volume, with the gas taking up volume due to the expansion of the molecules.
- The equation of state of an ideal gas is PV = nRT, where n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the gas constant, and P, V, and T are the pressure, volume, and temperature of the gas, respectively.
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Description
Learn about the different types of systems in thermodynamics, including closed systems, open systems, and isolated systems. Understand the characteristics of each system.
