Types of Surgery

Study Notes

Elective surgery: Planned surgery that is not urgent, often for non-essential procedures such as cosmetic surgery.
Emergency surgery: Urgent surgery required to save a patient's life or prevent further harm.
Minimally invasive surgery: Uses small incisions and specialized instruments to reduce tissue damage and promote faster healing.
Open surgery: Traditional surgery that uses a larger incision to access the surgical site.
Laparoscopic surgery: Uses a laparoscope (a thin, lighted tube with a camera) to visualize the internal organs.
Robotic surgery: Uses a robotic system to assist the surgeon during the procedure.

Surgeon: The primary doctor performing the surgery.
Anesthesiologist: The doctor responsible for administering anesthesia and monitoring the patient's vital signs.
Surgical nurse: Assists the surgeon and anesthesiologist during the procedure.
Surgical technologist: Prepares the operating room, sterilizes instruments, and assists the surgical team.

Patient preparation: The patient is assessed, and necessary tests are conducted to ensure they are fit for surgery.
Informed consent: The patient is informed of the risks and benefits of the surgery and gives their consent.
Surgical site marking: The surgical site is marked to ensure the correct area is operated on.

Recovery room: The patient is monitored and cared for immediately after surgery.
Pain management: The patient's pain is managed using medication and other techniques.
Wound care: The surgical wound is cleaned, dressed, and monitored for signs of infection.

Infection: Bacterial or viral infection of the surgical site.
Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during or after surgery.
Adhesions: Bands of fibrous tissue that can form between organs or tissues.
Organ damage: Damage to surrounding organs or tissues during surgery.
Reaction to anesthesia: Adverse reaction to the anesthesia used during surgery.

Elective surgery is a planned surgery that is not urgent, often for non-essential procedures such as cosmetic surgery.
Emergency surgery is urgent surgery required to save a patient's life or prevent further harm.
Minimally invasive surgery uses small incisions and specialized instruments to reduce tissue damage and promote faster healing.
Open surgery is traditional surgery that uses a larger incision to access the surgical site.
Laparoscopic surgery uses a laparoscope (a thin, lighted tube with a camera) to visualize the internal organs.
Robotic surgery uses a robotic system to assist the surgeon during the procedure.

The surgeon is the primary doctor performing the surgery.
The anesthesiologist is the doctor responsible for administering anesthesia and monitoring the patient's vital signs.
The surgical nurse assists the surgeon and anesthesiologist during the procedure.
The surgical technologist prepares the operating room, sterilizes instruments, and assists the surgical team.

Patient preparation involves assessing the patient and conducting necessary tests to ensure they are fit for surgery.
Informed consent ensures the patient is informed of the risks and benefits of the surgery and gives their consent.
Surgical site marking marks the surgical site to ensure the correct area is operated on.

The recovery room is where the patient is monitored and cared for immediately after surgery.
Pain management involves managing the patient's pain using medication and other techniques.
Wound care involves cleaning, dressing, and monitoring the surgical wound for signs of infection.

Infection is a bacterial or viral infection of the surgical site.
Bleeding is excessive bleeding during or after surgery.
Adhesions are bands of fibrous tissue that can form between organs or tissues.
Organ damage is damage to surrounding organs or tissues during surgery.
Reaction to anesthesia is an adverse reaction to the anesthesia used during surgery.