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Questions and Answers
What type of illocutionary act involves making a commitment to do something in the future?
Which of the following examples best represents a directive illocutionary act?
What is the key characteristic of a perlocutionary act?
Which statement describes an expressive illocutionary act?
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Which type of illocutionary act is exemplified by the statement, 'You are fired!'?
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Which speech style is characterized by the use of jargon and slang among peers?
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In which speech style does the language used change based on the relationship between speakers?
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What describes a Formal speech style?
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Which speech style is best suited for a legal conversation between a judge and a lawyer?
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What is NOT a characteristic of the Locutionary Act?
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What type of speech style would be used in delivering the Preamble to the Constitution?
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Which of the following examples illustrates a Locutionary Act?
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Which characteristic is typical of Intimate speech style?
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Study Notes
Types of Speech Styles
- Communication categorized into different styles/modes.
- Speech style reflects the formality level of language.
- Five speech styles: intimate, casual, consultative, formal, frozen.
- Each style dictates appropriate language use.
- Intimate: Private, among close family/intimates.
- Casual: Common among peers/friends, using jargon, slang, etc.
- Consultative: Standard communication, professional, mutually acceptable language.
- Formal: Used in formal settings, one-way communication. Specific examples given.
- Frozen: "Frozen" in time, unchanged. Seen in ceremonies, rituals. Specific examples given.
Speech Acts
- Speech act: an utterance achieving an intended effect.
- Three types of acts in an utterance:
- Locutionary Act: Making a meaningful utterance with shared understanding between speaker and listener.
- Illocutionary Act: Saying something with specific intent (stating, promising, requesting, etc.).
- Perlocutionary Act: Intended effect on listener (inspiring, convincing, deterring).
Searle's Classification of Speech Acts
- Searle (1979) classified speech acts into five general categories:
- Assertive: Expressing belief about truth (e.g., boasting).
- Directive: Trying to get the listener to do something (e.g., ordering, requesting).
- Commissive: Committing to an action in the future (e.g., promising, vowing).
- Expressive: Expressing emotional reaction (e.g., thanking, apologizing).
- Declaration: Changing an external situation (e.g., firing, blessing).
Example of Perlocutionary Act
- "I was born a Filipino, I will live a Filipino, I will die a Filipino!" (inspiring)
- "Texting while driving kills—you, your loved ones, other people!" (deterring)
Example of Declarative Speech Act
- "You are fired!" (unemployment/external change)
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Description
Explore the various styles of speech, including intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen. Additionally, learn about speech acts and their categories, such as locutionary and illocutionary acts. This quiz will enhance your understanding of communication forms and their implications.
