Types of Speech and Interference in Communication

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why correct spelling is important in language?

To understand etymology
To avoid confusion in pronunciation (correct)
To recognize similar words
To recognize homophones

Which of the following words is an example of a partial homophone?

Thud (correct)
Route
Buy
Alumna

What type of speech is most likely to be given at an office fellowship?

Semi-formal speech
Informal speech (correct)
Formal speech
External Interference

What is the term for words that have similar spellings but different meanings?

Homographs (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of internal interference in public speaking?

Personal discomfort such as cough (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the purpose of using a pronunciation dictionary?

To overcome mispronunciation and spelling-induced pronunciation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of formal speeches?

Use of formal language and formal presentation format (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the aspect of appropriateness in language that involves adapting to the audience's background and ideology?

Appropriateness to audience (C) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the type of speech to be given at different occasions?

The situation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a homophone with different spellings?

Buy/ bye (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of external interference in public speaking?

Shuffling of feet along the corridor (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for speech types?

Speech genres (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the audience when speaking in public?

To adapt the language to the audience's background and ideology (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is not an example of formal speech?

Conversation with a friend (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for words that have similar pronunciation but different meanings?

Homophones (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of speech?

Internal interference (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in a successful speech delivery?

Positive disposition to all aspects of the speech event (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does adaptation before a speech involve?

Preparing a good speech and rehearsing for time management and audience involvement (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a good speaker during a speech?

Maintaining friendliness and openness with the audience (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does adaptation after a speech entail?

Maintaining the tempo and tenor of the delivery even after the speech is over (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of a speaking task?

Total application of mind and body in all aspects of the event (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important skill for a speaker to possess during a speech?

Ability to provide clarity and direction, especially when questions are asked (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect of handling ethnic issues in public speaking?

Seeking knowledge and asking questions about the specific ethnic group (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is religion a sensitive consideration in public speaking?

Because people typically invite speakers with similar religious orientation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a speaker with personal bias?

Attitudinal issues (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for a speaker to be well adapted to?

Every task involved in the speech event (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should a good speaker avoid when discussing religious topics?

Pitching one religion against another (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a good speaker when dealing with sensitive topics?

To educate and persuade the audience (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a speaker to be aware of social groupings in their audience?

To avoid offending certain social groups (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should a speaker do when dealing with a diverse audience?

Respect the diversity of the audience and avoid making assumptions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a speaker to seek knowledge about ethnic issues?

To understand the nuances of the specific ethnic group (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of a speaker when discussing sensitive topics?

To educate and inform the audience on the topic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of supporting ideas in speech preparation?

To educate, inform, and influence people through the power of persuasion (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to verify information before transmitting it to the audience?

To maintain credibility and persuade the audience (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of information may be obtained through observation?

Insight into a process or event (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using statistics in speech preparation?

To lend credence to the speaker's thoughts and validate ideas (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of examples that can be used to support ideas in speech preparation?

Brief, Extended, and Hypothetical (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to flesh out a topic with committed search for information?

To ensure credibility and persuade the audience (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using libraries for gathering information?

Access to documented sources, both print and electronic (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to have multiple means of gathering information for a speech?

To ensure accuracy and credibility (C) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Situation and Speech Types

The situation determines the type of speech to be given at different occasions, such as staff meetings, office fellowships, annual general meetings, award ceremonies, and dinner parties.
Speech types refer to the varieties of speeches, also called Speech Genres, which apply to different occasions or speech events.
Speech types are categorized into formal, informal, and semi-formal speeches.

Interference in Public Speaking

Interference refers to anything that impedes the process of communication.
There are two types of interference in public speaking: internal and external.
Internal interference includes disruptions within the audience themselves, such as personal discomfort, emotions, and mannerisms.
External interference includes extraneous noise from outside the speech venue, such as shuffling of feet, microphone blaring, sirens, rowdiness, heavy rain, and loud machines or equipment.

Formal Speeches

Formal speeches are given at formal occasions and use formal language and presentation format.
Examples of formal speeches include budget speeches, inaugural speeches, presidential broadcasts, diplomacy speeches, public debates, electioneering campaign speeches, public lectures, church sermons, seminars, ministerial briefings, press conferences, legislative assembly speeches, and solicitors' pleas.
Formal speeches are mostly written or documented for presentation and posterity.

Informal Speeches

Informal speeches are given at informal occasions and use informal language and presentation format.
Accuracy in speech involves knowing the correct spelling and pronunciation of words, as well as their etymology.

Appropriateness in Language

Appropriateness in language is applied in four ways: to the audience, occasion, topic or message, and speaker.
Language use in public speaking must be adapted to specific audiences in terms of their background, ideology, gender, and attitudes.
A good speaker must consider the audience's religion, group membership, and affiliation to avoid sensitive topics and respect their beliefs.

Adaptation in Public Speaking

Adaptation is crucial in public speaking, involving preparation, rehearsal, and attention to the audience's reactions and participation.
Adaptation occurs before, during, and after the speech, and includes maintaining friendliness and openness with the audience.

Gathering Information for a Speech

There are many ways to gather information for a speech, including observation, using the library, calling for information, interviewing, questionnaires, and the internet.
It is essential to validate and verify information before transmitting it to the audience.

Supporting Ideas in Speech Preparation

Supporting ideas in speech preparation involves using examples, statistics, and other evidence to validate and make points clearer.
Examples can be brief, extended, or hypothetical, and statistics and figures lend credence to the speaker's thoughts and ideas.

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