Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a solution?
What is a solution?
A homogeneous mixture of solid, liquid, or gas in a liquid vehicle.
What are the types of solutions?
What are the types of solutions?
- Aqueous Solution
- Non-aqueous Solution
- Both A and B (correct)
- None of the above
What are the types of non-aqueous solutions?
What are the types of non-aqueous solutions?
- Hydroalcoholic
- Oleaginous
- Ethereal
- All of the above (correct)
What is a hydroalcoholic solution?
What is a hydroalcoholic solution?
What are examples of hydroalcoholic solutions?
What are examples of hydroalcoholic solutions?
What is an oleaginous solution?
What is an oleaginous solution?
What is an example of an oleaginous solution?
What is an example of an oleaginous solution?
What is an ethereal solution?
What is an ethereal solution?
What is an example of an ethereal solution?
What is an example of an ethereal solution?
Solutions can only be volatile and cannot be non-volatile.
Solutions can only be volatile and cannot be non-volatile.
What is aromatic water?
What is aromatic water?
What oil is aromatic water a solution of?
What oil is aromatic water a solution of?
The odor or taste of aromatic water are the same as those of the drug or volatile substance from which they are prepared.
The odor or taste of aromatic water are the same as those of the drug or volatile substance from which they are prepared.
Aromatic waters are only colorless.
Aromatic waters are only colorless.
Aromatic water is free from what odor?
Aromatic water is free from what odor?
What is the use of aromatic water?
What is the use of aromatic water?
Aromatic waters are not permanently stable preparations.
Aromatic waters are not permanently stable preparations.
Aromatic waters should be protected from excessive light and heat to prevent photodegradation/photolysis.
Aromatic waters should be protected from excessive light and heat to prevent photodegradation/photolysis.
Aromatic waters should be stored in what container?
Aromatic waters should be stored in what container?
The deterioration of aromatic water may be due to what?
The deterioration of aromatic water may be due to what?
Decomposition or mold growth in aromatic water may produce what?
Decomposition or mold growth in aromatic water may produce what?
What are the different methods for the preparation of aromatic water?
What are the different methods for the preparation of aromatic water?
What is the slowest, most expensive, and most satisfactory method of preparation of aromatic water?
What is the slowest, most expensive, and most satisfactory method of preparation of aromatic water?
What is the most satisfactory method of preparation product called?
What is the most satisfactory method of preparation product called?
What is an example of aromatic water prepared through distillation?
What is an example of aromatic water prepared through distillation?
What is Cohobation?
What is Cohobation?
The product of what process is a high quality distillate?
The product of what process is a high quality distillate?
What is an example of aromatic water that underwent cohobation?
What is an example of aromatic water that underwent cohobation?
What are the 2 types of solution methods?
What are the 2 types of solution methods?
Describe the direct solution method.
Describe the direct solution method.
What is the advantage of the direct solution method?
What is the advantage of the direct solution method?
What is the disadvantage of the direct solution method?
What is the disadvantage of the direct solution method?
What is the alternate solution method?
What is the alternate solution method?
What are the dispersing agents?
What are the dispersing agents?
What is a dispersing agent?
What is a dispersing agent?
Describe the alternate solution method.
Describe the alternate solution method.
Study Notes
Types of Solutions
- Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of solids, liquids, or gases in a liquid vehicle.
- Aqueous solutions contain water as the solvent, while non-aqueous solutions use other solvents.
Non-Aqueous Solutions
- Hydroalcoholic solutions mix water and alcohol.
- Oleaginous solutions are oil-based.
- Ethereal solutions comprise ether.
Hydroalcoholic Solutions
- Examples include elixirs and tinctures, used in various medicinal applications.
Oleaginous Solutions
- Oleovitamins serve as an example of an oleaginous solution, emphasizing their oil base.
Ethereal Solutions
- Collodion is a notable example of an ethereal solution, used often in medicinal and cosmetic preparations.
Aromatic Waters
- Clear saturated aqueous solution of volatile oil or other aromatic substances.
- Aromatic water maintains the odor and taste of the original volatile substances.
- The solution can be either colorless or colored.
- It is free from empyreumatic (smoke-like) odors.
- Used as a flavored and perfumed vehicle in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Stability and Storage
- Aromatic waters are not permanently stable and should be kept in tight, light-resistant containers to mitigate photodegradation.
- Deterioration may be caused by volatilization, resulting in cloudy preparation or disagreeable odors.
Preparation Methods for Aromatic Water
- Distillation is the slowest and most costly but most satisfactory method for preparing aromatic waters. The product is known as distillate.
- Cohobation is a refined distillation process where the distillate is repeatedly distilled with fresh portions of aromatic plants, resulting in high-quality distillate.
Alternative Preparation Methods
- Direct solution involves shaking the mixture for 15 minutes, letting it sit for 12 hours, then filtering—saves time and equipment.
- Disadvantages include potential formation of oil globules.
- Alternate solution employs dispersing agents like talc or purified siliceous earth to increase the surface area of volatile substances, facilitating rapid saturation and clearer solutions.
Direct and Alternate Solution Methods
- Direct solution offers advantages in efficiency but may lead to oil globule formation.
- The alternate solution method requires shaking for 10 minutes, utilizing dispersing agents to ensure clarity of the aromatic water preparation.
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Description
Explore the various types of solutions including aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures. This quiz covers hydroalcoholic, oleaginous, and ethereal solutions, along with aromatic waters and their applications. Test your knowledge on the properties and examples of each solution type.
