Types of Software and Programming Languages

A unique identifier assigned to a device manufacturer.

A unique identifier for a specific product made by a manufacturer.

Unique identifiers for individual devices ensuring no duplicates.

Software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

Operating systems are stored on HDDs or SSDs in computers.

A multitasking method where the OS interrupts processes for resource allocation.

The process of distributing hardware resources to running processes.

An assigned level to a process that determines its resource access.

Temporarily halting a running process to allow another to execute.

System that allows multiple users to securely log onto a computer.

The OS function of controlling and coordinating computer memory usage.

A memory management capability that uses disk space to extend RAM.

Constant oversight by the OS of process status and resource use.

Software designed to manage and control computer hardware and provide a platform for application software.

Software designed to help the user perform specific tasks, like word processing or video editing.

Signals to the CPU that require immediate attention, allowing multitasking like printing while watching a video.

Basic Input/Output System that initializes hardware during booting and provides runtime services for operating systems.

A component of device drivers that provides information about the device for the operating system to manage it properly.

A temporary storage area for data waiting to be printed.

A signal sent to the processor when the printer buffer is empty, requesting more data.

The current task is put on hold while the interrupt is serviced.

A visual representation to show the sequence of tasks and processes.

Tasks performed by the microprocessor, which can be paused for interrupts.

The process of transferring data from memory to a storage device, which is slower than processing.

Buffers temporarily hold data to keep devices operating smoothly with different speeds.

The process involving how data moves from memory to the printer via buffers and interrupts.

The part of an operating system that protects data integrity, confidentiality, and availability.

Updates provided by the OS to improve security and functionality.

Programs designed to detect and eliminate malware, helping to secure data.

Security systems that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic.

Permissions granted to users that determine their access level to systems.

Unique identifiers for individuals that help manage their access and privileges on a system.

Processes allowing retrieval of lost or corrupted data.

Methods used to prevent unauthorized access to computer systems.

A type of user interaction using windows, icons, menus, and pointers.

A display that detects touch input from fingers.

A text-based interface where commands are typed.

A visual interface that uses icons and windows for interaction.

Easier to use, more intuitive, uses icons for actions.

Uses more memory and limits options to provided icons.

Allows for direct configuration and uses less memory.

Requires memorization of commands, prone to errors.

GUIs are user-friendly, while CLIs are more powerful but complex.

Devices such as a mouse or finger for input.