Types of Sentences Quiz

Sentence Types

• Simple Sentence: A single independent clause. Example: Music from the 80s rocks.
• Compound Sentence: Two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction. Example: That house is too expensive, and that house is too small.
• Complex Sentence: At least one independent clause and one dependent clause joined together by a subordinating conjunction. Examples: You cannot leave the school until the bell rings; Before I go to bed, I like to read a book.
• Declarative Sentence: States a fact or makes a statement. Example: The cat is sleeping on the sofa.
• Interrogative Sentence: Asks a question. Example: What is your name?
• Imperative Sentence: Makes a request or gives a command. Example: Clean up your mess.
• Exclamatory Sentence: Expresses strong emotions. Example: What a large dog!
• Fragment: An incomplete sentence, lacking a subject, verb, or both. (No example provided in the original text)
• Periodic Sentence: Complex sentence with the main clause at the end. Example: Despite the pouring rain, the strong winds, and the treacherous path, the hikers finally reached the summit.

Rhetorical Devices & Figures of Speech

• Simile: A comparison using "like" or "as." Example: The sleeping baby looks like an angel.
• Metaphor: Comparing unlike things directly. Example: "Couch potato," "night owl," "heart of gold."
• Personification: Giving human qualities to non-human things. Example: The trees whispered softly.
• Hyperbole: Exaggerated statement. Example: "That car ride took 14 million years."
• Irony: Expression with a meaning opposite to the literal. Example: The Titanic, built to be ’unsinkable’ is now a wreck at the bottom of the sea.
• Litotes: Ironic understatement. Example: You won’t be sorry (meaning you’ll be glad).
• Antithesis: Contrasting ideas in parallel structure. Example: "We must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools."
• Paradox: Self-contradictory statement. Example: The beginning of the end.
• Allusion: Implied or indirect reference, often to literature. Example: Achilles Heel.
• Alliteration: Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words. Example: Looks like lions love licking lizards.
• Assonance: Repetition of vowel sounds in non-rhyming words. Example: The light of fire is a sight to admire.
• Anaphora: Repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive clauses. Example: You’re damned if you do, and you’re damned if you don’t.
• Anadiplosis: Repetition of the last word of a preceding clause. Example: "Tonight, we are a country awakened to danger and called to defend freedom. Our grief has turned to anger, and anger to resolution."
• Epistrophe: Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. Example: "Government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
• Polysyndeton: Deliberate use of conjunctions between words or clauses. Example: "If there be cords, or knives, or poison, or fire, or suffocating streams, I'll not endure it."
• Asyndeton: Omitting conjunctions between words or clauses. Example: Live, laugh, love.
• ** Zeugma:** Use of a single word to modify or govern two or more words in different senses. Example: She opened the door and her heart to the stray kitten.
• Anthimeria: Using a word as a different part of speech. Example: "Chill" (originally a noun, meaning "cold") being used as a verb.
• Parallelism: Similarity of structure in related words, phrases, or clauses. Example: For the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and Sacred Honor.
• Juxtaposition: Placing two opposing elements side-by-side. Example: All is fair in love and war.
• Metonymy: Substituting a word for another closely associated word. Example: "Crown" to mean "king."
• Appositive: Noun or pronoun placed beside another to identify or describe it. Example: Mr. Jones, the French teacher, is married to the volleyball coach.
• Tricolon: A rhetorical device using three parallel phrases, clauses, or sentences. Example: I came, I saw, I conquered.
• Isocolon: Similar structure and length in parallel phrases. Example: Buy one, get one free.

Other Grammatical and Literary Concepts

• Phrase: A group of words functioning as a single part of speech, without a subject or verb. Example: The girl, wearing a pink sweater, was very pretty.

• Clause: A group of words containing a subject and verb. Example: I did not bring my umbrella.

• Noun: Words describing a person, place, thing, or idea. Example: Dog, school, anger.

• Verb: An action word. (No examples provided in the text.)

• Adjective: Modifies a noun or pronoun. Example: The large dog

• Adverb: Modifies a verb, adjective, or clause. Example: Works hard, Runs slowly.

• Preposition: Shows relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word. Examples: above, at, after, about, with, across.

• Connotation: The associated meaning or feeling of a word. Example: Visitor vs. guest

• Denotation: Literal meaning of a word (dictionary definition). Example: The word “denotation”'s meaning when used in the example in the text.

• Gerund: A verb ending in -ing used as a noun. Example: Bicycling is perfect.

• Infinitive: Verb form starting with "to" used as a noun, adjective, or adverb. Example: I am going to write a story.

• Participle: Verb form used as an adjective. Example: Growing teenagers need nutritious diets.

• Absolute: Consists of a participle, noun, and modifiers, functioning as an adverb. Example: The dog waiting inside all day, we rushed to let him out.

• Thesis: A statement or idea backed by arguments. Example: Climate change endangers life on Earth.

• Tone: Author's attitude towards the audience. Example: optimistic tone.

• Mood: Feeling evoked in the reader. Example: A dark and stormy night.

• Diction: Word choice. Examples: Formal: "The analysis provided compelling evidence." Informal: "I was like, totally freaking out"

• Imagery: Evoking senses through description. Example: The gigantic mountains had a beautiful sunset behind them.

• Genre: Category of writing. Example: Science Fiction, Fantasy.

• Purpose: The author's reason for writing. Example: To educate, inform, entertain.

• Audience: Readers the work is intended for.

• Subject: The central topic or issue.

• Message: Main idea or theme, often including moral lessons.

• Motif: Recurring subject, theme, or idea.

• Analogy: Comparison for explanation. Example: Life is like a box of chocolates.

• Anecdote: Short story about a real incident or person. Example: Locking myself out of the house.

• Rhetorical Question: Question to create effect, not requiring an answer. Example: Do birds fly?

• Exigence: Issue prompting writing or speaking, such as a current situation

• Context: Surrounding circumstances influencing a text.

• Logos: Appeal to logic or reasoning. Example: Apple is best.

• Pathos: Appeal to emotions. Example: Ads evoking sadness.

• Ethos: Appeal to ethics; credibility and trust. Example: Doctors, lawyers.

• Symbol: Something that represents something else. Example: Statue of Liberty representing liberty.

• Writer: Person who creates written works.

• Cumulative sentence: Independent clause followed by modifiers. Example: "He dipped his hands in the bichloride solution and shook them—a quick shake, fingers down, like the fingers of a pianist above the keys."

• Unifying Idea: A theme or message that brings different parts of a text together.

• Ellipsis: Leaving out words to create a dramatic effect or to imply meaning..