Types of Paraphasia

Study Notes

Anomic: Refers to difficulty in finding words. It affects both the form and content of communication.
Semantic Paraphasia: Involves substituting words with others from the same semantic category, impacting content without altering the fluency of speech.
Phonemic Paraphasia: Characterized by substitutions of phonemes within words, affecting the forms of words used in speech.
Anomic Circumlocution: A compensatory strategy used when unable to retrieve a specific word; involves describing or defining the intended word instead of naming it, affecting both form and content.
Neologism: The creation of a new, typically meaningless word (from Greek 'neo' meaning "new"), impacting both form and content.
Jargon: Involves the use of neologisms at the phrase level, affecting both form and content while often lacking coherence.
Agrammatism: Features short utterances that primarily consist of content words, omitting grammatical elements (morphosyntax) but maintaining subject-verb structure; often seen in non-fluent aphasia where comprehension is preserved.
Paragrammatism: Characterized by the misuse of content words with sentences lacking coherent content; syntax can become atypical, leading to structures like verb-subject (V-S), often associated with fluent aphasia.
Stereotypical Utterances: Involuntary productions or phrases that often recur, such as "on a Wednesday," indicating repetitive speech patterns.