Aphasia Classification Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is verbal paraphasia?

  • Phonological errors
  • Reading and lexical errors
  • Real word substitution (word boundaries crossed) (correct)
  • Nonword paraphasia
  • What does semantic paraphasia involve?

    Semantically related substitution

    Which of the following describes literal paraphasia?

  • Written form of verbal paraphasias
  • Phonological errors (correct)
  • Nonword substitutions
  • Reading errors
  • Neologistic refers to a type of word that has a high phonological overlap with the target word.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is paragraphia?

    <p>Written form of verbal paraphasias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the MLU and WPM for nonfluent aphasia?

    <p>MLU: &lt; 4.0, WPM: &lt; 60</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia is characterized by the production of uninterrupted strings of words?

    <p>Fluent aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a classic lesion site for Broca's aphasia?

    <p>Perisylvian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Broca's aphasia?

    <p>Effortful speech with impaired grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Global aphasia allows for fluent production of language.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of Wernicke's aphasia?

    <p>Fluent but paraphasic with impaired comprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anomic aphasia?

    <p>Production 'pure naming deficit'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines transcortical motor aphasia?

    <p>Nonfluent and Broca-like production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia involves impaired repetition and fluent production with paraphasic errors?

    <p>Wernicke's aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is subcortical aphasia defined by?

    <p>Lesion site rather than symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Verbal Paraphasia

    • Involves substituting a real word, crossing word boundaries.
    • Example: "telephone" replaced with "television."

    Semantic Paraphasia

    • Substitutes words that are semantically related.
    • Example: "apple" replaced with "banana."

    Literal Paraphasia

    • Characterized by phonological errors.
    • At least 50% phonemes overlap with the target word and do not cross word boundaries.
    • Also known as phonological or phonemic paraphasia.
    • Example: "apple" replaced with "aptum."

    Neologistic Paraphasia

    • Involves creating nonwords with minimal or no phonological similarity to the target word.

    Paragraphia

    • Written counterpart of verbal paraphasias, leading to word substitutions in writing.

    Paralexia

    • Involves errors in reading and lexical access, similar to paraphasias.

    General Aphasia Types

    • Nonfluent Aphasia: Characterized by MLU < 4.0 and WPM < 60.
    • Fluent Aphasia: MLU and WPM within normal ranges.

    Fluent Aphasia

    • Involves the production of coherent strings of words with normal prosody.
    • Types include:
      • Wernicke's aphasia
      • Transcortical Sensory aphasia
      • Conduction aphasia
      • Anomic aphasia

    Nonfluent Aphasia

    • Involves difficulty generating fluent speech.
    • Types include:
      • Broca's aphasia
      • Transcortical Motor aphasia
      • Global aphasia

    Classic Lesion Sites

    • Broca's aphasia: Perisylvian area.
    • Transcortical Motor aphasia: Borderzone area.
    • Global aphasia: Nonlocalizing lesion.
    • Wernicke's aphasia: Perisylvian area.
    • Transcortical Sensory aphasia: Borderzone area.
    • Conduction aphasia: Perisylvian area.
    • Anomic aphasia: Nonlocalizing lesion.

    Broca's Aphasia Production Patterns

    • Speech is effortful, often associated with apraxia.
    • Vocabulary restricted: open class words more common than closed class; nouns preferred over verbs.
    • Grammatical complexity reduced: grammatical morphemes frequently omitted or substituted.
    • Syntactically simpler sentences preferred.
    • Naming and repetition: nouns impaired significantly more than verbs, with motor/phonological errors in repetition.

    Broca's Aphasia: Comprehension and Writing

    • Auditory comprehension: "high-level" deficits; struggles with syntactic movement.
    • Writing is similar in quality to spoken output.
    • Reading aloud resembles spontaneous speech; associated with deep dyslexia.
    • Reading comprehension faces mild to moderate impairment.

    Agrammatic Aphasia

    • Specific classification of Broca's aphasia.
    • Characterized by a preference for nouns over verbs in speech production.
    • Primarily affects grammatical morphology and comprehension of complex sentences.

    Transcortical Motor Aphasia

    • Nonfluent speech patterns similar to Broca's aphasia.
    • Notable strength in repetition.

    Global Aphasia

    • Severe loss of language function impacting production, comprehension, and naming across all word classes.
    • Retains some automatic expressions; significant perseveration observed.
    • Severe impairments in reading and writing abilities.

    Wernicke's Aphasia

    • Fluent speech with frequent paraphasias (neologistic, literal, verbal).
    • Impaired comprehension and naming, often producing nonsense phrases.
    • Reading and writing are also affected, with parallels to verbal output.

    Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

    • Fluent speech akin to Wernicke's but with preserved repetition abilities.

    Conduction Aphasia

    • Fluent speech marked by phonological paraphasias and frequent self-corrections.
    • Impaired repetition despite relatively intact auditory comprehension.
    • Reading often shows paralexic errors; writing experiences paragraphic errors.

    Anomic Aphasia

    • Characterized as a "pure naming deficit".
    • Fluent speech with no syntactic difficulties; circumlocution frequent.
    • Naming is primarily impaired for nouns, with comprehension, reading, and writing generally preserved.

    Subcortical Aphasia

    • Defined by specific lesion sites rather than symptoms.
    • Striatal-capsular lesions involve the caudate nucleus or putamen, leading to sparse language output but often preserved comprehension.
    • Thalamic lesion characteristics are not detailed but suggest similar implications for speech.

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    Description

    Dive into the world of aphasia with this flashcard quiz that highlights the different types of paraphasia. Explore definitions like verbal, semantic, and literal paraphasia through real-world examples. Great for language and speech pathology students looking to enhance their understanding of language disorders.

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