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Questions and Answers
Which reaction type involves the breaking of a carbon-hydrogen bond and the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond?
Which reaction type involves the breaking of a carbon-hydrogen bond and the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond?
- Reduction
- Oxidation (correct)
- Electrophilic addition
- Nucleophilic substitution
Which reaction type involves the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond?
Which reaction type involves the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond?
- Elimination
- Nucleophilic addition (correct)
- Rearrangement
- Electrophilic substitution
Which reaction type does NOT involve a change in the number of carbon atoms in the molecule?
Which reaction type does NOT involve a change in the number of carbon atoms in the molecule?
- Substitution (correct)
- Elimination
- Addition
- Rearrangement
Which reaction type is characterized by the formation of a cyclic intermediate?
Which reaction type is characterized by the formation of a cyclic intermediate?
Which of the following reactions is an example of electrophilic substitution?
Which of the following reactions is an example of electrophilic substitution?
The reaction of an alkene with bromine in the presence of light is an example of what type of reaction?
The reaction of an alkene with bromine in the presence of light is an example of what type of reaction?
Which reaction type is most closely related to the concept of Markovnikov's rule?
Which reaction type is most closely related to the concept of Markovnikov's rule?
Which reaction type is often used in the synthesis of polymers?
Which reaction type is often used in the synthesis of polymers?
Which of these reactions involves the breaking of a bond in a molecule due to the reaction with water?
Which of these reactions involves the breaking of a bond in a molecule due to the reaction with water?
Which of these processes results in the formation of a larger molecule from two smaller molecules, often with the loss of a small molecule like water?
Which of these processes results in the formation of a larger molecule from two smaller molecules, often with the loss of a small molecule like water?
Which type of reaction involves the addition of atoms to an alkene or alkyne?
Which type of reaction involves the addition of atoms to an alkene or alkyne?
Which of these reactions involves the transfer of electrons, leading to oxidation or reduction?
Which of these reactions involves the transfer of electrons, leading to oxidation or reduction?
Which of these reactions involve free radicals as intermediates?
Which of these reactions involve free radicals as intermediates?
Which type of polymerization involves the combination of monomers without any by-products?
Which type of polymerization involves the combination of monomers without any by-products?
Which of the following is NOT a type of substitution reaction?
Which of the following is NOT a type of substitution reaction?
Which of these reactions involves the rearrangement of atoms within a molecule to form a structural isomer?
Which of these reactions involves the rearrangement of atoms within a molecule to form a structural isomer?
What is the primary difference between an SN1 and an SN2 reaction?
What is the primary difference between an SN1 and an SN2 reaction?
What is a common example of an electrophilic addition reaction?
What is a common example of an electrophilic addition reaction?
Flashcards
Substitution Reaction
Substitution Reaction
A reaction where one atom or group is replaced by another.
Nucleophilic Substitution
Nucleophilic Substitution
A reaction where a nucleophile (electron-rich species) attacks an electrophile (electron-deficient species), replacing a leaving group.
Sâ‚™2 Reaction
Sâ‚™2 Reaction
A reaction where a nucleophile attacks a carbon atom with a leaving group, proceeding in one step. The reaction is favored by primary and secondary haloalkanes.
Sâ‚™1 Reaction
Sâ‚™1 Reaction
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Electrophilic Substitution
Electrophilic Substitution
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Addition Reaction
Addition Reaction
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Electrophilic Addition
Electrophilic Addition
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Elimination Reaction
Elimination Reaction
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SN1 Reaction
SN1 Reaction
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SN2 Reaction
SN2 Reaction
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E1 reaction
E1 reaction
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E2 reaction
E2 reaction
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Rearrangement Reactions
Rearrangement Reactions
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Study Notes
Types of Organic Reactions
-
Substitution Reactions: One atom or group is replaced by another.
- Nucleophilic Substitution: Nucleophile replaces a leaving group.
- SN1 (Unimolecular): Single step, rate depends on substrate concentration.
- SN2 (Bimolecular): Concerted reaction, rate depends on substrate and nucleophile concentrations.
- Electrophilic Substitution: Electrophile replaces a group, common in aromatic compounds.
- Nucleophilic Substitution: Nucleophile replaces a leaving group.
-
Addition Reactions: Addition of atoms/groups to a multiple bond (double or triple).
- Electrophilic Addition: Electrophiles added, to alkenes/alkynes.
- Nucleophilic Addition: Nucleophiles added to compounds like carbonyls.
- Free Radical Addition: Free radicals add.
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Elimination Reactions: Atoms or groups removed, forming a multiple bond.
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Rearrangement Reactions: Internal atom reorganization into isomers.
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Redox Reactions: Electrons transferred causing oxidation (increase in oxidation state) or reduction (decrease).
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Condensation Reactions: Two molecules combine to make a larger molecule, eliminating a small molecule like water.
-
Pericyclic Reactions: Reactions proceed via a cyclic transition state. (e.g., Diels-Alder reaction).
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Radical Reactions: Reactions involving free radicals (unpaired electrons). (e.g., halogenation of alkanes).
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Polymerization Reactions: Monomers combine to form polymers.
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Addition Polymerization: No small molecules are produced.
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Condensation Polymerization: Small molecules (like water) are produced.
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Hydrolysis Reactions: Breakdown of a molecule by reacting with water.
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Combustion Reactions: Organic compounds react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy.
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Isomerization Reactions: Molecules transform to structural isomers (same formula, different structure)
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Carbenoid Reactions: Involve carbene or carbene-like intermediates.
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