10 Questions
What is a wild type allele?
A common allele found in wild and natural populations
What is the result of a forward mutation?
A wild-type allele changes to a mutant allele
What is the cause of mutations in an organism?
All of the above, and more
What is the classification of mutations based on?
Effect
What is a reverse mutation?
A mutation that causes a mutant allele to revert back to wild-type
What type of mutation occurs when a purine is replaced by another purine?
Transition
What is the term for a single base substitution or deletion?
Point mutation
What type of mutation results in the loss of a block of one or more base pairs from DNA?
Deletion
What type of mutation involves the rotation of a segment of DNA by 180°?
Inversion
What type of mutation occurs when parts of two non-homologous chromosomes exchange places?
Reciprocal translocation
Study Notes
Mutations
- A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence of an organism
- Types of alleles:
- Wild type allele: common in wild and natural populations
- Mutant allele: can be recessive or dominant
- Causes of mutations:
- Errors in DNA replication during cell division
- Exposure to mutagens
- Viral infection
- Types of mutations:
- Forward mutation: changes a wild-type allele to a different allele
- Reverse mutation: causes a novel mutant allele to revert back to wild-type
Types of Mutations
- Substitution: replacement of a base by another base
- Transition: purine replaced by another purine, or pyrimidine replaced by another pyrimidine
- Transversion: purine replaced by a pyrimidine, or pyrimidine replaced by a purine
Other Types of Mutations
- Point mutation: a single base is substituted/deleted or changed
- Deletion: a block of 1 or more base pairs is lost from DNA
- Insertion: a block of 1 or more base pairs is added to DNA
- Inversion: a segment of DNA is rotated 180°
- Reciprocal translocation: parts of two non-homologous chromosomes exchange places
Learn about the different types of mutations, including wild type alleles, forward mutations, reverse mutations, and more. Understand how mutations occur and their effects on an organism's DNA.
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