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Types of Mutations

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Questions and Answers

What is a wild type allele?

A common allele found in wild and natural populations (correct)

A mutant allele that is recessive

A mutant allele that is dominant

A rare allele found in natural populations

What is the result of a forward mutation?

A mutant allele becomes more dominant

A mutant allele reverts back to wild-type

A wild-type allele becomes more recessive

A wild-type allele changes to a mutant allele (correct)

What is the cause of mutations in an organism?

Errors in DNA replication during cell division

Exposure to mutagens only

Viral infection only

All of the above, and more (correct)

What is the classification of mutations based on?

Effect Signup and view all the answers

What is a reverse mutation?

A mutation that causes a mutant allele to revert back to wild-type Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation occurs when a purine is replaced by another purine?

Transition Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a single base substitution or deletion?

Point mutation Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation results in the loss of a block of one or more base pairs from DNA?

Deletion Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation involves the rotation of a segment of DNA by 180°?

Inversion Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation occurs when parts of two non-homologous chromosomes exchange places?

Reciprocal translocation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mutations

A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence of an organism
Types of alleles:
- Wild type allele: common in wild and natural populations
- Mutant allele: can be recessive or dominant
Causes of mutations:
- Errors in DNA replication during cell division
- Exposure to mutagens
- Viral infection
Types of mutations:
- Forward mutation: changes a wild-type allele to a different allele
- Reverse mutation: causes a novel mutant allele to revert back to wild-type

Types of Mutations

Substitution: replacement of a base by another base
Transition: purine replaced by another purine, or pyrimidine replaced by another pyrimidine
Transversion: purine replaced by a pyrimidine, or pyrimidine replaced by a purine

Other Types of Mutations

Point mutation: a single base is substituted/deleted or changed
Deletion: a block of 1 or more base pairs is lost from DNA
Insertion: a block of 1 or more base pairs is added to DNA
Inversion: a segment of DNA is rotated 180°
Reciprocal translocation: parts of two non-homologous chromosomes exchange places

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Description

Learn about the different types of mutations, including wild type alleles, forward mutations, reverse mutations, and more. Understand how mutations occur and their effects on an organism's DNA.