Types of Motion in Physics

Motion: Change in position of an object over time.
Reference Point: A stationary object used to determine if something is in motion.

Linear Motion: Movement in a straight line.
- Can be uniform (constant speed) or non-uniform (varying speed).
Rotational Motion: Movement around an axis.
- Involves angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Periodic Motion: Repeats at regular intervals (e.g., pendulum).
Translational Motion: Motion where all parts of the object move the same distance at the same time.
Random Motion: Movement that does not follow a predictable path or pattern.

Distance: Total path covered by an object; scalar quantity.
Displacement: Shortest distance from initial to final position; vector quantity.
Speed: Rate of change of distance; scalar (Distance/Time).
Velocity: Rate of change of displacement; vector (Displacement/Time).
Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity; can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down).

Newton's First Law (Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
Newton's Second Law: Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma), indicating that acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.
Newton's Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Frame of Reference: System used to measure positions and motion.
Free Fall: Motion under the influence of gravity alone, with negligible air resistance.
Projectile Motion: Motion of an object thrown into the air, subject to gravity and initial velocity.

Distance-Time Graphs: Steeper slope indicates higher speed; horizontal line indicates no motion.
Velocity-Time Graphs: Slope reflects acceleration; area under the graph indicates distance traveled.

Linear Motion: Movement in a straight line.
- Can be uniform (constant speed) or non-uniform (varying speed).
Rotational Motion: Movement around an axis.
- Involves angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Periodic Motion: Repeats at regular intervals.
- Example: Pendulum swinging back and forth.
Translational Motion: All parts of the object move the same distance in the same time.
Random Motion: Unpredictable movement without a set pattern.

Distance: Total path covered by an object (scalar quantity).
Displacement: Shortest distance between initial and final positions (vector quantity).
Speed: Rate of change of distance (scalar) - calculated by Distance / Time.
Velocity: Rate of change of displacement (vector) - Calculated by Displacement / Time.
Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity.
- Acceleration can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down).

Newton's First Law (Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.
Newton's Second Law: Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).
- Acceleration is directly proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.
Newton's Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Frame of Reference: A system used to measure positions and motion.
Free Fall: Motion under the influence of gravity alone, with negligible air resistance.
Projectile Motion: Motion of an object thrown into the air.
- Subject to gravity and initial velocity.

Distance-Time Graphs:
- Steeper slope indicates higher speed.
- Horizontal line indicates no motion.
Velocity-Time Graphs:
- Slope reflects acceleration.
- Area under the graph represents distance traveled.