Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which condition is associated with partial or complete loss of skin pigmentation?
Which condition is associated with partial or complete loss of skin pigmentation?
- Pernicious anemia
- Diabetes
- Vitiligo (correct)
- Melanoma
What is a characteristic clinical feature of melanoma?
What is a characteristic clinical feature of melanoma?
- Psoriasis-like scales
- Eczema-like rash
- Hyperpigmentation
- Hypopigmentation (correct)
Which of the following is a strong risk factor for developing melanoma?
Which of the following is a strong risk factor for developing melanoma?
- Excessive UV exposure (correct)
- Vegetarian diet
- Genetic engineering
- African descent
What is a common genetic mutation associated with melanoma pathogenesis that leads to uncontrolled cell growth?
What is a common genetic mutation associated with melanoma pathogenesis that leads to uncontrolled cell growth?
Which of the following is NOT a marker used to identify melanoma cells?
Which of the following is NOT a marker used to identify melanoma cells?
In which phase of growth does metastatic melanoma invade deeper dermal layers?
In which phase of growth does metastatic melanoma invade deeper dermal layers?
Which condition is strongly associated with the presence of red hair and freckles from sun exposure?
Which condition is strongly associated with the presence of red hair and freckles from sun exposure?
What is the main responsibility of small GTPases in cell signaling pathways?
What is the main responsibility of small GTPases in cell signaling pathways?
How does a RAS mutation in melanoma typically occur?
How does a RAS mutation in melanoma typically occur?
Which syndrome is associated with germline mutations in BRAF?
Which syndrome is associated with germline mutations in BRAF?
What is the main effect of TERT mutations on telomerase activity?
What is the main effect of TERT mutations on telomerase activity?
Which type of cancer is NOT associated with mutations in TERT promoters?
Which type of cancer is NOT associated with mutations in TERT promoters?
What clinical feature is associated with Hutchinson's sign?
What clinical feature is associated with Hutchinson's sign?
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with Hutchinson's sign?
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with Hutchinson's sign?
How do TERT mutations contribute to carcinogenesis?
How do TERT mutations contribute to carcinogenesis?
What aspect of cell signaling pathways does BRAF primarily affect?
What aspect of cell signaling pathways does BRAF primarily affect?
Which subtype of melanoma is characterized by malignant cells staying within the basal and upper epidermis?
Which subtype of melanoma is characterized by malignant cells staying within the basal and upper epidermis?
What is a distinguishing feature of Lentigo Maligna Melanoma?
What is a distinguishing feature of Lentigo Maligna Melanoma?
Which subtype of melanoma is known for its aggressive nature with early vertical growth phase?
Which subtype of melanoma is known for its aggressive nature with early vertical growth phase?
What is a characteristic feature of Invasive Melanoma?
What is a characteristic feature of Invasive Melanoma?
Which sign is associated with Invasive Melanoma?
Which sign is associated with Invasive Melanoma?
What differentiates Pagetoid spread in Melanoma from Pagetoid spread in Adenocarcinoma?
What differentiates Pagetoid spread in Melanoma from Pagetoid spread in Adenocarcinoma?
Which subtype of melanoma affects the skin of soles, palms, digits, and nail apparatus?
Which subtype of melanoma affects the skin of soles, palms, digits, and nail apparatus?
What is a distinguishing feature of Amelanotic Melanoma?
What is a distinguishing feature of Amelanotic Melanoma?
What is a characteristic feature of multinucleated melanoma cells in the basal layer?
What is a characteristic feature of multinucleated melanoma cells in the basal layer?
Which type of melanoma shows nests or single cells at the basal layer along with marked elastosis?
Which type of melanoma shows nests or single cells at the basal layer along with marked elastosis?
What is a distinguishing feature of Invasive Melanomas in terms of their spread?
What is a distinguishing feature of Invasive Melanomas in terms of their spread?
Which marker is typically POSITIVE in both benign nevus and melanoma?
Which marker is typically POSITIVE in both benign nevus and melanoma?
What is a key characteristic of Clark's Level III of invasion in melanoma?
What is a key characteristic of Clark's Level III of invasion in melanoma?
Which condition shows a negative reaction to HMB45 and S100 markers?
Which condition shows a negative reaction to HMB45 and S100 markers?
In Lentigo Maligna, what is a common feature seen in the underlying dermis?
In Lentigo Maligna, what is a common feature seen in the underlying dermis?
Which system measures tumor thickness using an ocular micrometer at right angles to the tumor?
Which system measures tumor thickness using an ocular micrometer at right angles to the tumor?
What type of differential diagnosis is important when considering Paget's disease?
What type of differential diagnosis is important when considering Paget's disease?
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