Types of Lamps and Lighting

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which type of incandescent lamp bulb has a hemispherical silver bowl opposite the base?

  • A R63 Bulb (correct)
  • ER Bulb
  • G Bulb
  • S Bulb

What is a disadvantage of incandescent lamps?

  • They are cheaper
  • They have an instant start and restart
  • They have good color
  • They produce more heat than light (correct)

For what type of usage are incandescent lamps suitable due to their energy characteristics?

  • Infrequent or short-duration usage (correct)
  • High-energy efficiency setups
  • High-cost lighting
  • Continuous long-duration usage

What is an advantage of incandescent lamps?

<p>Simple and compact installation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gas can be used in tungsten-halogen lamps under high-temperature conditions?

<p>Bromine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bulb is globe-shaped for low-brightness exposed use?

<p>G Bulb (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'R' stand for in soft glass floodlights?

<p>Reflector (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary use for a J Type bulb?

<p>Security lighting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is used for PAR floodlights to make them weather resistant?

<p>Aluminized reflector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of halogen bulb should not come in contact with bare skin due to potential damage to the bulb?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose is the JDR type commonly used?

<p>Track lighting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes G9 JCD bulbs from other sizes?

<p>They use loops instead of pins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the JDD type bulb surrounded by glass?

<p>To protect the filament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which types of floodlights are indoor use only?

<p>Soft glass types (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an MR bulb primarily used for?

<p>Flood lights and projectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gas is commonly found in a PL Lamp?

<p>Argon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluorescent bulb shape is described as doughnut-shaped?

<p>Circline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fluorescent lamp requires a starter for operation?

<p>Pre-heat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substance inside a PL Lamp emits ultraviolet light when excited?

<p>Phosphor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Instant-start lamps from Pre-heat lamps?

<p>They use a high-voltage pulse to start (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a standard diameter for a fluorescent bulb?

<p>2 inches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ballast in fluorescent lamps?

<p>To regulate the flow of power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lamp has the capability to be electrically dimmed or flashed?

<p>Rapid Start (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which auxiliary equipment is required for the operation of some fluorescent tubes?

<p>Automatic Switch or Starter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of compact fluorescent lamp is designed to closely mimic the appearance of an incandescent bulb?

<p>Incandescent Shaped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of compact fluorescent lamp is most suitable for fixtures that require a long and narrow light bulb?

<p>Tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose does the ballast serve in fluorescent light sources?

<p>Provides initial high voltage and limits current (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of instant-start fluorescent lamps?

<p>They start without preheating electrodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compact fluorescent lamp is most often used for decorative purposes such as in bathroom vanity fixtures?

<p>Globe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an attribute of rapid-start lamps?

<p>Can be dimmed electrically (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the filament in an incandescent lamp?

<p>To emit light when heated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bulb is standard for general-service incandescent lamps?

<p>A Bulb (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevents the filament in an incandescent lamp from being destroyed by oxidation?

<p>The glass enclosure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bulb type is suitable for decorative purposes in low-wattage applications?

<p>CA Bulb (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lamp base in an incandescent lamp?

<p>To connect to a holder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bulb types contain an internal reflector to direct light?

<p>R Bulb and PAR Bulb (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bulb type is cone-shaped for low-wattage general-service incandescent lamps?

<p>B Bulb (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of an incandescent lamp is primarily responsible for producing light?

<p>Filament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lamp primarily contains mercury vapor in a sealed, clear or phosphor-coated, tubular, quartz arc tube?

<p>Mercury Vapor Lamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lamp is ideal for both indoor and outdoor lighting applications?

<p>Metal Halide Lamps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What materials are typically added to the arc tube of metal halide lamps to act as phosphors?

<p>Sodium and Thallium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lamp is primarily used in limited industrial areas, manufacturing plants, and warehouses?

<p>Mercury Vapor Lamps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In metal halide lamps, which rare earth halides can be found that emit light when excited by the discharge current?

<p>Thallium and Indium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is the arc tube of High Pressure Sodium Lamps made of?

<p>High-density polycrystalline alumina (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lighting technology uses Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)?

<p>Solid State Lighting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a luminaire also called?

<p>Lighting fixture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device in a luminaire is designed to control the distribution of light emitted by a lamp?

<p>Reflector (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lighting fixture can be raised or lowered by a flexible cord?

<p>Droplight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a diffuser in a luminaire?

<p>To filter glare and distribute light over an extended area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of material is commonly used to make a lens in a luminaire?

<p>Glass or Plastic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light fixture commonly has branched supports for a number of lamps?

<p>Chandelier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of high-bay lights?

<p>Illuminating spaces with high ceilings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor defines the light emanating from the object being viewed?

<p>Brightness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of glare is described as an annoying brightness in the normal field of vision?

<p>Direct glare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of glare is considered more serious and difficult to control?

<p>Indirect glare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'diffuseness' refer to in lighting design?

<p>The control of shadows cast by light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is visual oddities’ primary purpose in lighting?

<p>To offer aesthetic stimulation and amusement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the intensity of light per unit area?

<p>Illumination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'electric illumination' specifically refer to?

<p>Man-made lighting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'quantity of light' refer to in lighting design?

<p>The amount of illumination or luminous flux per unit area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not considered a factor that affects illumination?

<p>Air pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms are related to the quality of light in a lighting installation?

<p>Glare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the unit footcandle measure?

<p>Illuminance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A luminous flux of a light source is measured in which unit?

<p>Lumen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is used to measure luminous intensity?

<p>Candela (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One footcandle is approximately equivalent to how many lux?

<p>10.764 lux (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the SI derived unit 'lux' measure?

<p>Illuminance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which light source typically provides approximately 3000-10000 footcandles?

<p>Direct sunlight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context is the unit 'candela' most appropriately used?

<p>To measure the luminous power emitted in a specific direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light fixture is commonly used to bathe a wall in an even stream of light?

<p>Wall Washers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lighting option is typically freestanding and used to accentuate interiors by sending light upwards?

<p>Uplights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light is a flexible and adjustable luminaire that directs light in a controlled beam?

<p>Spotlights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a prismatic lens in troffer lights?

<p>To distribute light over a spectrum and a larger surface area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light fixture is described as essential for task lighting and provides a concentrated, directional light to a specific area?

<p>Desk Lamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light fixture is typically recessed or semi-recessed into the ceiling to provide directional light in a downward stream?

<p>Downlights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light fixture can be used to provide both general and accent lighting and is very popular in both these roles?

<p>Table Lamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light fixture is characterized by a rigid flexible tape with exposed low-voltage light sources?

<p>Strip Lighting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Study Notes

Types of Lamps

  • Incandescent Lamps: produce light by heating a filament until it incandesces
    • Parts: bulb, filament, lamp base
    • Bulb shapes: A, B, CA, PAR, R, ER, A R63, G, PS, S
    • Advantages: cheap, instant start, simple installation, can be fused
    • Disadvantages: low luminous efficacy, short life, sensitive to voltage and frequency, high maintenance cost
    • Applications: infrequent or short-duration usage, low-cost requirements

Tungsten-Halogen Lamps

  • Use a halogen gas to extend the life of the filament
  • Types: Floodlights, J, JC, JCD, JDD, JDR
  • Characteristics: high intensity, directional light

Gaseous Discharge Lamps

  • Fluorescent Lamps: use electricity to excite a gas, which produces light
    • Types: MR, PL, T8, T12, Circline, U-bent
    • Characteristics: long life, low energy consumption, requires ballast
    • Classifications: by shape, by method of tube operation
  • Compact Fluorescent Lamps: designed to fit into incandescent lamp spaces
    • Types: Spiral, Incandescent Shaped, Globe, Tube
    • Characteristics: long life, low energy consumption

High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps

  • Mercury Vapor Lamps: use mercury vapor to produce light
    • Characteristics: primarily used for industrial areas
  • Metal Halide Lamps: use metal halides to produce light
    • Characteristics: used for both indoor and outdoor lighting
  • High Pressure Sodium Lamps: use high-pressure sodium vapor to produce light
    • Characteristics: newest addition to the HID field

Solid State Lighting (SSL)

  • Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs): use semiconductors to produce light
    • Characteristics: reduced heat generation, long life, energy-efficient

Luminaires

  • Reflector: a surface for reflecting light
  • Lens: a transparent material for controlling light distribution
  • Diffuser: a translucent material for filtering glare
  • Louver: a grid type of optical assembly for controlling light distribution

Families of Light Fixtures

  • Suspended Ceiling Lights: suspended from the ceiling
    • Types: Chandelier, Droplight, Pendant
  • Wall Lights: mounted on the wall
    • Types: Sconce, Wall Washer, Ceiling Light, Downlight
  • Floor Lamps: freestanding lamps
    • Types: Table Lamp, Desk Lamp, Strip Lighting

Principles of Illumination

  • Brightness: the intensity of light per unit area
  • Contrast: the difference in brightness between an object and its background
  • Glare: excessive luminance ratio in the field of vision
  • Direct Glare: annoying brightness in the normal field of vision
  • Indirect Glare: reflected glare from a glossy surface
  • Diffuseness: the control of shadows cast by light

Lighting Design

  • A combination of applied art and applied science
  • Factors to consider: quantity of light, brightness, contrast, glare, diffuseness
  • Good design stems from a fusion of knowledge of current technology and years of background experience### Quality of Light
  • Quality of light deals with characteristics of light except quantity
  • Important aspects of quality of light include:
    • Brightness
    • Color
    • Aesthetics
    • Glare
    • Psychological Reaction
    • Economics

Illumination Planning

Units of Measurement

  • Foot-candle: non-SI unit of measurement, basic method of measuring light, equivalent to amount of light thrown by a candle on an object at a distance of one foot
  • Lux: SI derived unit of illuminance, measures intensity of light generated by one candle that falls on one square foot of surface from a distance of one meter away
  • Lumen: international unit of luminous flux in the International System of Units (SI), measures total quantity of visible light emitted by a source per unit of time
  • Candela: SI base unit of luminous intensity, measures luminous power emitted by a light source in a particular direction

Conversion Between Units

  • 1 footcandle = 10.764 lux
  • 1 lux = 0.0929 footcandle

Light Sources and Their Illuminance

  • Direct sunlight: 32,000-100,000 lux, 3,000-10,000 footcandles
  • Full moon (clear): 1,000-2,500 lux, 100-250 footcandles
  • Living space: 300 lux, 30 footcandles
  • Kitchen space: 538 lux, 50 footcandles
  • Dining: 323 lux, 30 footcandles
  • Living space (task): 1,080 lux, 100 footcandles
  • Desk lighting: 538 lux, 50 footcandles

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser