Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the focus of dynamics in physics?
Which of the following best describes the focus of dynamics in physics?
- Calculating the speed of objects in motion.
- Measuring the energy of moving objects.
- Studying the causes of motion and changes in motion. (correct)
- Analyzing forces acting on objects at rest.
What distinguishes a free-body diagram (FBD) from a system diagram?
What distinguishes a free-body diagram (FBD) from a system diagram?
- A system diagram includes forces, while an FBD does not.
- An FBD shows all objects in a situation, while a system diagram shows only one.
- A system diagram is more detailed in representing the types of forces than an FBD.
- An FBD represents only one object and all the forces acting on it, while a system diagram shows multiple objects. (correct)
What characteristic defines normal force ($F_N$)?
What characteristic defines normal force ($F_N$)?
- It acts parallel to the surface of contact.
- It is equivalent to the object's weight, regardless of the surface angle.
- It is the force of gravity acting on an object.
- It always acts perpendicular to the surface of contact. (correct)
In which direction does friction typically act?
In which direction does friction typically act?
What does 'g' represent in the formula $F_g = mg$, and what is its approximate value on Earth?
What does 'g' represent in the formula $F_g = mg$, and what is its approximate value on Earth?
If an object remains stationary, what can be inferred about the net force acting on it?
If an object remains stationary, what can be inferred about the net force acting on it?
What is the correct formula for calculating net force?
What is the correct formula for calculating net force?
When calculating net force, why is it important to consider the direction of each force?
When calculating net force, why is it important to consider the direction of each force?
Objects A and B are interacting gravitationally. If the mass of Object A is doubled, what happens to the gravitational force between them, assuming the distance remains constant?
Objects A and B are interacting gravitationally. If the mass of Object A is doubled, what happens to the gravitational force between them, assuming the distance remains constant?
Which fundamental force is responsible for holding atoms and molecules together?
Which fundamental force is responsible for holding atoms and molecules together?
What is a key difference between gravitational force and electromagnetic force?
What is a key difference between gravitational force and electromagnetic force?
Which of the fundamental forces has the shortest range of influence?
Which of the fundamental forces has the shortest range of influence?
A book rests on a table. Which of the following accurately describes the forces acting on the book?
A book rests on a table. Which of the following accurately describes the forces acting on the book?
A car is moving at a constant velocity. What is the net force acting on the car?
A car is moving at a constant velocity. What is the net force acting on the car?
What role does the strong nuclear force play within an atom?
What role does the strong nuclear force play within an atom?
An object is being pulled to the right with a force of 20 N and to the left with a force of 15 N. What is the net force acting on the object?
An object is being pulled to the right with a force of 20 N and to the left with a force of 15 N. What is the net force acting on the object?
A person is pushing a box across a rough floor. If the applied force is constant and the box moves at a constant speed, what can be said about the friction force?
A person is pushing a box across a rough floor. If the applied force is constant and the box moves at a constant speed, what can be said about the friction force?
When an object is suspended by a rope, which force is expressed through the rope?
When an object is suspended by a rope, which force is expressed through the rope?
Why do objects with mass have a gravitational attraction towards each other?
Why do objects with mass have a gravitational attraction towards each other?
In a free-body diagram of an object sliding down an inclined plane, which forces should be included?
In a free-body diagram of an object sliding down an inclined plane, which forces should be included?
Flashcards
Dynamics
Dynamics
The study of the causes of motion.
Force
Force
Any push or pull.
Newton (N)
Newton (N)
The unit for force, equal to 1 kg⋅m/s².
Measuring forces
Measuring forces
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System diagram
System diagram
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Free-body diagram (FBD)
Free-body diagram (FBD)
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Applied force
Applied force
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Tension
Tension
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Normal force
Normal force
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Friction
Friction
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Gravity
Gravity
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Net force
Net force
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Gravitational force
Gravitational force
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Electromagnetic force
Electromagnetic force
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Strong Nuclear Force
Strong Nuclear Force
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Weak Nuclear Force
Weak Nuclear Force
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Study Notes
- Topic: 3.1 Types of Forces
Measuring forces and force diagrams
- Dynamics is the study of the causes of motion
- Force is any push or pull
- The unit for force is the newton (N), where 1 N = 1 kg⋅m/s²
- Forces can be measured using spring scales or force sensors
- System diagrams provide a simple sketch of all objects in a situation
- Free-body diagrams (FBDs) are simple drawings of one object showing all forces acting on it
Everyday forces
- Applied force is a force caused by an object pushing or pulling another object
- Tension is the force exerted by a rope or string pulling on an object but cannot facilitate a "push"
- Normal force (Fn) is the force when a surface pushes back on an object, and it is always perpendicular to the surface
- Friction always tries to stop motion and acts in the opposite direction of motion
- Gravity is the force of attraction between any two objects
- Fg = mg, where g is 9.8 m/s² downwards (on Earth)
Calculating net forces
- Net force (Fnet) is the total force, or the sum of all forces acting on an object (2D vector addition)
Four fundamental forces
- Gravitational force acts between any two objects and is only attractive (only pulls, no push)
- Electromagnetic force is caused by electric charges and can be attractive or repulsive
- Electromagnetic forces hold atoms and molecules together
- Strong nuclear force holds the nucleus together
- The strong nuclear force keeps protons from repelling each other
- The strong nuclear force keeps protons from getting too close to each other
- Weak nuclear force holds a single proton or neutron together (binds the quarks together)
Force Comparison
- Gravitational force has an approximate relative strength of 1 and has an infinite range, and the effect is only attract
- Electromagnetic force has an approximate relative strength of 10^30 and has an infinite range, and the effect is attract and repel
- Strong nuclear force has an approximate relative strength of 10^38 and has a range of <10^-15m
- Weak nuclear force has an approximate relative strength of 10^25 and has a range of <10^-18m
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