Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following are classified as macronutrients?
Which of the following are classified as macronutrients?
- Sulfur (S), Magnesium (Mg), and Calcium (Ca)
- Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) (correct)
- Anabaena azollae, Mycorrhizal Fungi, and Pseudomonas fluorescens
- Urea, DAP, and NH4 NO3
Organic fertilizers are synthetic compounds that are derived from living or formerly living materials.
Organic fertilizers are synthetic compounds that are derived from living or formerly living materials.
False (B)
What are the three main elements that are most important in plant nutrition?
What are the three main elements that are most important in plant nutrition?
Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K)
Biofertilizers contain living microorganisms that exert direct or indirect beneficial effects on ______ growth and crop yield.
Biofertilizers contain living microorganisms that exert direct or indirect beneficial effects on ______ growth and crop yield.
Match the following fertilizers with their respective categories:
Match the following fertilizers with their respective categories:
Which of the following elements is NOT considered an essential mineral element for higher plants?
Which of the following elements is NOT considered an essential mineral element for higher plants?
The principle of crop nutrition known as the 'Law of the Minimum' states that crop yields are directly proportional to the amount of the most abundant nutrient.
The principle of crop nutrition known as the 'Law of the Minimum' states that crop yields are directly proportional to the amount of the most abundant nutrient.
What are the two macronutrients that plants acquire directly from air and water?
What are the two macronutrients that plants acquire directly from air and water?
A plant deficiency in ______ can lead to misshapen or stunted new leaves.
A plant deficiency in ______ can lead to misshapen or stunted new leaves.
Match the following elements with their classification in plant nutrition:
Match the following elements with their classification in plant nutrition:
Essential mineral elements can replace each other to support optimal plant growth.
Essential mineral elements can replace each other to support optimal plant growth.
Which of the following elements is NOT a macronutrient for higher plants?
Which of the following elements is NOT a macronutrient for higher plants?
What is the primary principle behind the 'Law of the Minimum' in crop nutrition?
What is the primary principle behind the 'Law of the Minimum' in crop nutrition?
Which of the following elements is NOT a primary macronutrient in fertilizers?
Which of the following elements is NOT a primary macronutrient in fertilizers?
The Haber-Bosch process is an industrial nitrogen fixation process that converts atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants.
The Haber-Bosch process is an industrial nitrogen fixation process that converts atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants.
What is the primary function of nitrogen in plant growth?
What is the primary function of nitrogen in plant growth?
The chemical symbol for phosphorus is ______.
The chemical symbol for phosphorus is ______.
Which of the following fertilizer products is a compound fertilizer?
Which of the following fertilizer products is a compound fertilizer?
Match the nutrient deficiency symptoms with the corresponding nutrient:
Match the nutrient deficiency symptoms with the corresponding nutrient:
Plants can directly utilize nitrogen gas from the atmosphere.
Plants can directly utilize nitrogen gas from the atmosphere.
What is the source of phosphate in fertilizers?
What is the source of phosphate in fertilizers?
Which of the following is NOT a raw material used in the production of NPK fertilizers?
Which of the following is NOT a raw material used in the production of NPK fertilizers?
Potassium contributes to plant health by regulating photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance.
Potassium contributes to plant health by regulating photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance.
What are the three major nutrients present in NPK fertilizers, and what are their corresponding roles in plant growth?
What are the three major nutrients present in NPK fertilizers, and what are their corresponding roles in plant growth?
The grade of a fertilizer refers to the percentage of the three major nutrients: ______, ______, and ______.
The grade of a fertilizer refers to the percentage of the three major nutrients: ______, ______, and ______.
Match the type of fertilizer with its characteristics:
Match the type of fertilizer with its characteristics:
Rock phosphate is a readily available form of phosphorus that plants can easily absorb.
Rock phosphate is a readily available form of phosphorus that plants can easily absorb.
Which of the following is an example of a potassium-based fertilizer?
Which of the following is an example of a potassium-based fertilizer?
Explain the difference between single superphosphate (SSP) and triple superphosphate (TSP).
Explain the difference between single superphosphate (SSP) and triple superphosphate (TSP).
The formula to calculate the amount of fertilizer material required is A = (Rx100)/______.
The formula to calculate the amount of fertilizer material required is A = (Rx100)/______.
What is the recommended rate of phosphorus (P) needed for a 1 ha area if 50 kg of fertilizer (15-5-20) is used?
What is the recommended rate of phosphorus (P) needed for a 1 ha area if 50 kg of fertilizer (15-5-20) is used?
The continuous use of chemical fertilizers can improve soil organic matter (SOM) content.
The continuous use of chemical fertilizers can improve soil organic matter (SOM) content.
What are the three main elements that are most important in plant nutrition, as represented by the N-P-K values in fertilizers?
What are the three main elements that are most important in plant nutrition, as represented by the N-P-K values in fertilizers?
Match the following fertilizers with their respective guaranteed analysis percentages:
Match the following fertilizers with their respective guaranteed analysis percentages:
What is the unit of measurement for the recommended rate (R) in the formula A = (Rx100)/C?
What is the unit of measurement for the recommended rate (R) in the formula A = (Rx100)/C?
What is the primary cause of the decline in soil organic matter (SOM) content due to the continuous use of chemical fertilizers?
What is the primary cause of the decline in soil organic matter (SOM) content due to the continuous use of chemical fertilizers?
The overuse of chemical fertilizers can lead to ______ in the soil, reducing its fertility.
The overuse of chemical fertilizers can lead to ______ in the soil, reducing its fertility.
The direct application of fertilizers can lead to a pH imbalance in the soil.
The direct application of fertilizers can lead to a pH imbalance in the soil.
Which of the following is a direct consequence of eutrophication caused by excess fertilizer runoff?
Which of the following is a direct consequence of eutrophication caused by excess fertilizer runoff?
Excess fertilizer runoff can lead to the formation of harmful _______ in water bodies.
Excess fertilizer runoff can lead to the formation of harmful _______ in water bodies.
What are two ways farmers can reduce fertilizer runoff and minimize environmental pollution?
What are two ways farmers can reduce fertilizer runoff and minimize environmental pollution?
Match the health consequences with their potential association with excessive fertilizer use:
Match the health consequences with their potential association with excessive fertilizer use:
Flashcards
Fertilizer
Fertilizer
A substance added to soil to enhance plant growth, can be natural or synthetic.
Organic Fertilizers
Organic Fertilizers
Fertilizers derived from living materials like manure and compost.
Bio-Fertilizers
Bio-Fertilizers
Products containing living microorganisms that benefit plant growth.
Inorganic Fertilizers
Inorganic Fertilizers
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Macronutrients
Macronutrients
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Essential Mineral Elements
Essential Mineral Elements
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Beneficial Mineral Elements
Beneficial Mineral Elements
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Macronutrients from Air/Water
Macronutrients from Air/Water
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Macronutrients from Soils
Macronutrients from Soils
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Micronutrients from Soils
Micronutrients from Soils
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Law of the Minimum
Law of the Minimum
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Simple Plant Deficiency
Simple Plant Deficiency
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Balanced Nutrition in Plants
Balanced Nutrition in Plants
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Eutrophication
Eutrophication
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Nutrient Leaching
Nutrient Leaching
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Harmful Algal Blooms
Harmful Algal Blooms
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Buffer Zones
Buffer Zones
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Best Management Practices (BMP)
Best Management Practices (BMP)
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Nitrogen (N)
Nitrogen (N)
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Haber-Bosch process
Haber-Bosch process
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Phosphorus (P)
Phosphorus (P)
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Potassium (K)
Potassium (K)
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Iron deficiency in plants
Iron deficiency in plants
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Magnesium deficiency
Magnesium deficiency
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Manganese deficiency
Manganese deficiency
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Phosphate sources
Phosphate sources
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Rock Phosphate
Rock Phosphate
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Role of Potassium
Role of Potassium
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NPK
NPK
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Granular Fertilizers
Granular Fertilizers
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Foliar Feeding
Foliar Feeding
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Fertilizer Grade
Fertilizer Grade
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Single Superphosphate
Single Superphosphate
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Chemical Processes for Fertilizers
Chemical Processes for Fertilizers
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Recommended Rate (R)
Recommended Rate (R)
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Guaranteed Analysis (C)
Guaranteed Analysis (C)
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Fertilizer Material Required (A)
Fertilizer Material Required (A)
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Calculation for Phosphorus from Fertilizer
Calculation for Phosphorus from Fertilizer
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Phosphorus Supplied Calculation
Phosphorus Supplied Calculation
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Urea (46%)
Urea (46%)
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Single Superphosphate (18% P2O5)
Single Superphosphate (18% P2O5)
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Environmental Impact of Chemical Fertilizers
Environmental Impact of Chemical Fertilizers
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Study Notes
Fertilizer Types
- Fertilizers are substances added to soil to promote plant growth.
- Natural fertilizers are derived from natural products like manure.
- Synthetic fertilizers are synthetic compounds.
Types of Fertilizers
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Organic fertilizers are derived from living or once-living materials or biological sources. They include farmyard manure, compost, and green manures.
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Bio-fertilizers contain living microorganisms that benefit plant growth. They can fix nitrogen biologically and include rhizobium, azotobacter, azospirillum, blue-green algae, azolla, and mycorrhizae.
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Inorganic fertilizers contain elements vital for plant nutrition: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) – these are macronutrients. Secondary elements include sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca). Modern synthetic fertilizers mainly comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Fertilizer Function
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Nitrogen (N) is crucial for leaf and stem growth, a key component of chlorophyll. It originates from the atmosphere. The Haber-Bosch process converts atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms.
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Phosphorus (P) aids root, flower, and seed development and is essential for energy transfer within the plant. It's derived from calcium phosphate in rocks.
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Potassium (K) supports overall plant health by regulating various metabolic activities including photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and resistance to diseases. Potassium sources lie deep in the soil.
Fertilizer Components
- The fertilizer grade represents the percentage of the three primary nutrients (N, P, K).
- Common example fertilizer grades are 14-0-26 (14% N, 0% P, 26% K).
- Nitrogenous fertilizers like Urea (46%N), and single superphosphate (18% P2O5); and Potash (60% K2O).
Fertilizer Calculation
- Calculating fertilizer needs involves multiplying the recommended rate (kg/ha) by 100, then dividing by the guaranteed analysis (%).
- Example calculation: 20 kg/ha of phosphorus (P) using a single superphosphate of 8.8% P, needs 227 kg/ha of superphosphate.
Fertilizer Impacts
- Continuous chemical fertilizer use can decrease soil organic matter, reduce soil fertility, pollute air, water, and soil, and reduce key nutrients.
- Runoff from chemical fertilizers creates eutrophication, harming aquatic life, and contaminating water sources.
- Excess fertilizer use impacts soil biodiversity and well-being.
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