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Types of Errors in Measurement

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Questions and Answers

What error is committed when the selection of reviewers is left to the editors' discretion?

Error of inconsistency

Error of confirmation bias

Error of central tendency (correct)

Error of extreme viewpoints

Why is replication discouraged by many journals?

To avoid publishing non-significant findings (correct)

To encourage consistency among reviewers

To promote novel viewpoints

To discourage competitive research

What is the wastebasket effect in research publication?

Research findings are hoarded by the researchers

Only significant findings are published (correct)

Research findings are discarded if they have minor errors

All findings are published regardless of significance

Why can symptoms and signs of a concussion not be directly tested or measured?

Dependence on self-reports from patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the lengthy process of developing items to test clinical domains?

The thoroughness required to capture clinical nuances Signup and view all the answers

Which assumption is made about reviewers when moderate viewpoints are considered more fundable than novel viewpoints?

Reviewers have a preference for familiar ideas Signup and view all the answers

Why is the error of central tendency a concern in the selection of reviewers?

'Central' reviewers may favor extreme viewpoints Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of non-significant findings not being published?

'Publication bias' towards significant results Signup and view all the answers

What is the main drawback of using small sample sizes in research studies?

'Generalizability issues' with study findings Signup and view all the answers

'Measuring Constructs' involve developing reliable tools to approximate constructs such as concussions. Why is developing these tools essential?

To capture the nuances and complexities of clinical domains Signup and view all the answers