Types of Doors and Their Features Quiz

Alternative Building Construction Systems ARC 180 - Doors and Windows

• This presentation covers doors and windows for alternative building construction systems.
• A table of contents lists the sections:
  • Doors (introduction, terminologies, sizes, types)
  • Windows (introduction, terminologies, sizes, types)

Doors

• A door is a screen or board used to seal openings between spaces in a building.
• It's an openable barrier.
• Doors allow people, vehicles, and goods to enter and leave rooms and other areas of a structure.
• Doors are available in many different types, each with specific purposes.
• Doors provide safety for building occupants.
• Doors regulate light and air as needed.
• Doors insulate against exterior noise and loudness and external temperature changes.

Door Terminologies

• Frame: The stationary part of the door or window, fixed to the wall.
• Head: The top horizontal part of the frame.
• Sill: The bottom horizontal part of the frame.
• Jamb/Post: The vertical parts of the frame.
• Door leaf/Shutters: The movable part of a door that opens or closes.
• Panel: A subdivision within a shutter.
• Top rail: The outermost horizontal part of a shutter.
• Lock rail/Middle rail: The horizontal component in a shutter that supports the lock.
• Bottom rail: The lowermost horizontal part of a shutter.
• Style: The outer vertical part of a shutter.
• Hinge side: The side of the door leaf with hinges.
• Closing side: The side that closes into the locking side of the frame.
• Strike plate: The part of the jamb that the lock fits into.
• Glazing bead: The material used to secure the glass panel into the leaf.

Door Sizes

• Internal doors (residential): 0.9m x 2.0m
• External doors (residential): 1.0m x 2.0m
• Doors for bathrooms/water closets (residential): 0.7m x 2.0m
• Doors for public buildings (hospitals, libraries, cinemas): 1.2m x 2.25m
• Doors for garages: 2.5m x 2.25m

Door Types

• Automatic door: Opens and closes automatically using electric power, spring power, or sensors (e.g., pressure, motion, infrared beam, push button).
• Bi-fold door: Consists of multiple panels that open and fold against each other.
• Fire door: Designed to resist the passage of fire and combustion products.
• French door: A frame surrounding one or more panels (usually glass).
• Half door: A door that's divided horizontally in half.
• Pivot door: Supported on a bearing away from the edge (instead of hinges).
• Single door: A single panel that opens inward, outward or both ways.
• Double door: Two adjacent panels that open outwards from the middle.
• Rolling door: Commonly made of steel, used in warehouses, garages, and shops.
• Sliding door: Constructed on steel sliders and typically made of glass, sliding into a concealed pocket.
• Swing door: Swings on a hinge; can be a single or double door.

Windows

• A window is a barrier that's placed in a wall to allow light and ventilation.
• It enables occupants to see the outside.
• Windows have openings that allow for cross-ventilation and natural lighting in rooms.
• Sufficient window size is essential for adequate natural lighting.

Window Terminologies

• Frame: The stationary part of the window fixed to the wall.
• Mullion: The vertical component splitting the window into multiple sections.
• Sill: The horizontal part at the bottom of the window frame.
• Jambs: The vertical parts of a window's frame.
• Sash: The movable part or frame of a window.
• Glazing bar: The component that secures the glass to the frame.
• Spacer bar: A component that divides sections of glass.

Window Sizes (Considerations)

• Room size and use.
• Architectural design of the building.
• Wind direction and speed.
• Local climate factors (humidity and temperature).

Window Types

• Sash window: Traditional window style common in the UK.
• Corner window: Placed at the corner of a room or structure.
• Dormer window: Projects out from a pitched roof.
• Casement window: Attached to the frame with hinges.
• Jalls/perforations: Obstructed vision, often used to provide privacy.
• Jalousie/Louvre window: Composed of parallel panels.
• Clerestory window: Located high on a wall, above eye level, to allow light into the room.
• Stained glass window: Pieces of colored glass, often used in churches.
• Diocletian Window: large semicircular windows divided into three lights by two mullions. Central is often wider.
• French window: Larger door-sized window, often overlooking a terrace.
• Bay window: Multi-paned window set at different angles to the outside wall.
• Multi-lit window: Multiple small panes divided by glazing bars.
• Triple-paned glass: Provides increased insulation, better energy efficiency, and noise reduction - commonly manufactured.
• Skylight: Fixed or sloped window built into a roof, allowing natural light. - Skylight types: Fixed, Ventilating, Solar Ventilating, Barrel, Curb Mounted, Deck Mounted, Tubular, Pyramid, Dome, Glass, Tilt-window, Ridge