Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the difference between normal disfluencies and stuttering?
What is the difference between normal disfluencies and stuttering?
- Normal disfluencies are stutters that occur in young children and fluent speakers, while stuttering is a more severe form of disfluency.
- Normal disfluencies are considered to be a type of stuttering, while stuttering is a more severe form of normal disfluency.
- Normal disfluencies are disruptions in speech flow, while stuttering is an abnormally high frequency and/or duration of disfluencies. (correct)
- Normal disfluencies are characterized by phrase and word repetitions, while stuttering involves syllable and sound repetitions.
What are primary behaviors in stuttering?
What are primary behaviors in stuttering?
- Interjections, revisions, unfinished words
- Repetitions, prolongations, blocks (correct)
- Escape behaviors, avoidance behaviors, substitution
- Phrase repetitions, word repetitions, syllable repetitions
What is the typical age of onset for stuttering?
What is the typical age of onset for stuttering?
- Between 4 and 6 years
- Between 8 and 10 years
- Between 6 and 8 years
- Between 2 and 4 years (correct)
What are warning signs of stuttering in children?
What are warning signs of stuttering in children?
What is the definition of a handicapping condition from the World Health Organization and how does it relate to stuttering?
What is the definition of a handicapping condition from the World Health Organization and how does it relate to stuttering?
Which of the following is NOT a primary behavior of stuttering?
Which of the following is NOT a primary behavior of stuttering?
What is the typical age of onset for stuttering?
What is the typical age of onset for stuttering?
What is the difference between disfluency and stuttering?
What is the difference between disfluency and stuttering?
What are some warning signs of stuttering in children?
What are some warning signs of stuttering in children?
What are some challenging speaking situations for people who stutter?
What are some challenging speaking situations for people who stutter?
_______ is a general term for any disruption in the forward flow of speech.
_______ is a general term for any disruption in the forward flow of speech.
Two types of stuttering are acquired/neurogenic + psychogenic (a result of ________).
Two types of stuttering are acquired/neurogenic + psychogenic (a result of ________).
________ behaviors are used by PWS to avoid stuttering before it begins.
________ behaviors are used by PWS to avoid stuttering before it begins.
________ behaviors are used by PWS to get out of a stutter after it's begun.
________ behaviors are used by PWS to get out of a stutter after it's begun.
________ is defined as abnormally high frequency and/or duration of disfluencies in the forward flow of speech.
________ is defined as abnormally high frequency and/or duration of disfluencies in the forward flow of speech.
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Study Notes
Disfluencies vs. Stuttering
- Disfluencies are interruptions in the flow of speech that are common and usually considered normal, such as hesitations, repetitions, and filler words.
- Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetitions or prolongations of sounds and syllables, as well as blocks in speech.
Primary Behaviors in Stuttering
- Repetitions are the most common primary behavior, repeating sounds or syllables (e.g., "b-b-b-ball").
- Prolongations involve stretching out sounds (e.g., "ssss-ss-so").
- Blocks involve a complete stoppage of airflow and sound.
Typical Age of Onset for Stuttering
- Stuttering usually begins between the ages of 2 and 7.
Warning Signs of Stuttering in Children
- Increased frequency and duration of repetitions, especially of sounds and syllables.
- Increased tension or effort when speaking.
- Avoidance of certain words or situations where the child is likely to stutter.
Handicapping Condition
- The World Health Organization (WHO) defines a handicapping condition as a limitation or restriction in an individual's ability to participate in a full and productive role in society.
- Stuttering can be a handicapping condition for some individuals, depending on the severity of the stuttering, the person's coping mechanisms, and the attitudes of others.
Not a Primary Behavior of Stuttering
- Avoidance behaviors are not primary behaviors of stuttering, but rather secondary characteristics that individuals who stutter develop to avoid stuttering or cope with it.
Challenging Speaking Situations for People Who Stutter
- Speaking on the telephone
- Giving presentations
- Ordering food in a restaurant
- Meeting new people
Disfluency
- Disfluency is a general term for any disruption in the forward flow of speech.
Types of Stuttering
- Acquired/neurogenic stuttering is caused by neurological damage or disease.
- Psychogenic stuttering is caused by psychological factors, such as stress or trauma.
Avoidance and Escape Behaviors
- Avoidance behaviors are used by people who stutter to avoid stuttering before it begins.
- Escape behaviors are used by people who stutter to get out of a stutter after it's begun.
Definition of Stuttering
- Stuttering is defined as abnormally high frequency and/or duration of disfluencies in the forward flow of speech.
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