Types of Communication Overview
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What is one of the main criticisms of Harold Lasswell's model of communication?

  • It accounts for non-verbal communication.
  • It neglects the role of the receiver.
  • It does not consider the impact of culture.
  • It lacks a feedback mechanism. (correct)

    • Which component in Shannon and Weaver's model represents the person who creates the message?

  • Sender (correct)
  • Receiver
  • Transmitter
  • Destination

    • Which of the following is NOT a step in the encoding process?

  • Transmitting the message.
  • Creating symbols.
  • Interpreting the message. (correct)
  • Formulating content.

    • What does the 'noise' component refer to in the linear model of communication?

    <p>Distractions that interfere with the signal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major limitation of the linear model of communication?

    <p>It overlooks the unconscious nature of encoding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Shannon and Weaver's model, what role does the 'channel' play?

    <p>It transmits the information from sender to receiver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'decoding' refer to in communication models?

    <p>The interpretation of a received message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of 'feedback' in communication models?

    <p>The return of information from the receiver to the sender.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the communicator in the communication process?

    <p>To initiate communication by sending a message</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element of the communication process is responsible for representing the intended meaning of the message?

    <p>Message</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the roles of sender and receiver defined in the communication process?

    <p>They are reciprocal roles that can change during communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of media in the communication process?

    <p>To act as the carrier of messages and connect all elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes feedback in the communication process?

    <p>It encompasses the responses and reactions of the receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes information from a message in the context of communication?

    <p>Messages carry intended meaning while information may not reflect the sender's intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of communication involves sending a message to a large audience through various media?

    <p>Public communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of communication is the exchange of messages primarily informal and usually between small groups?

    <p>Group communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the interpreter play in Schramm's interactive model?

    <p>It analyzes and understands the message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the transactional model emphasize about communicators?

    <p>Communicators have both speaking and listening roles at the same time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes feedback in the interactive model of communication?

    <p>Feedback can occur simultaneously with the sending of messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of noise is related to distractions originating from communicators' physical states?

    <p>Physiological noise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Schramm's model, how are the roles of sender and receiver described?

    <p>The sender and receiver roles are performed simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does semantic noise refer to in the context of communication?

    <p>Mismatches between the intended meaning and interpreted meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the transactional model perceive the relationship between message senders and receivers?

    <p>As interdependent, where each element affects the others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential weakness of the transactional model?

    <p>It generates more noise due to simultaneous talking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key limitation of Shannon’s model of communication?

    <p>It does not account for the role of context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the medium in communication?

    <p>It is the channel used to transmit messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'media'?

    <p>Communication channels used for disseminating various types of messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does a lack of commonality between communicators have on communication, according to the transactional model?

    <p>It makes communication more difficult.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Schramm, which factor is important in the communication process?

    <p>The background of the individuals involved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'noise' refer to in communication models?

    <p>Any interference that distorts or disrupts the transmission of messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an encoder in the interactive model of communication?

    <p>To convert messages into codes for transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the transactional model view the process of communication?

    <p>As an ongoing and continuously changing process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medium is considered the oldest form of print media?

    <p>Books</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main factors contributing to the proliferation of print media?

    <p>Changes in news media audience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes electronic media?

    <p>They require an electronic device for access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medium gained immense popularity and became a leading form of mass communication in the 20th century?

    <p>Newspapers and magazines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the current trends in print media?

    <p>Concentration of ownership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did radio serve during world wars?

    <p>An effective medium to transmit messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of both print and electronic media?

    <p>They contribute to mass communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence of the 'digital' age for traditional media?

    <p>Difficulties in survival for old media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Communication

    • Intrapersonal communication is internal communication with oneself.
    • Interpersonal communication is communication between two or more people.
    • Group communication involves a small group of people with a shared purpose.
    • Public communication involves a speaker addressing a large audience.
    • Mass communication is communication through media to reach a large audience.

    Five Essential Elements of the Communication Process

    • Communicator - The initiator of communication, also referred to as the source or message sender.
    • Audience - The receiver of the message, who responds to it. It can be an individual, group, or organization.
    • Message - The meaningful symbols conveying a specific message. The medium connecting the sender and receiver.
    • Media - The communication channel or platform that carries the message, including mail, telephone, printed materials, internet, etc.
    • Feedback - The response or reaction of the receiver after receiving a message. Crucial for effective communication.

    Harold Lasswell's Model (1948)

    • An early verbal model that focuses on the sender's purpose and message.
    • Criticisms include its oversimplification and lack of consideration for feedback.

    The Linear Model (Shannon & Weaver's General Communication System)

    • Visualizes communication as a linear process where information is transferred from sender to receiver.
    • Consists of an information source, message, transmitter, signal, carrier, noise, receiver, and destination.

    Criticisms of the Linear Model

    • Doesn't account for the back-and-forth nature of communication.
    • Ignores the unconscious nature of encoding and other factors like culture and relationships.

    The Interactive Model

    • Communication is a circular process involving feedback.
    • Emphasizes the role of context.
    • Recognizes that feedback can be simultaneous.

    Schramm's Interactive Model (1954)

    • Introduces the concept of simultaneous encoding and decoding by both sender and receiver
    • Incorporates the concept of an interpreter to address the complexity of meaning.

    Noise in Communication

    • Physical noise: Distractions in the communication environment.
    • Physiological noise: Distractions originating from the communicators' bodies.
    • Psychological noise: Distractions originating in the thoughts of communicators.

    The Transactional Model (The Competent Communication Model)

    • Views communication as a dynamic, ongoing process where participants simultaneously send and receive messages.
    • Emphasizes interdependence and context.
    • Recognizes that communication is affected by individual factors like background, experiences, attitudes, and beliefs.

    Strengths of the Transactional Model

    • Simultaneous and instant feedback.
    • Encourages non-verbal communication.
    • No discrimination between sender and receiver.

    Weaknesses of the Transactional Model

    • More noise due to simultaneous communication.

    Definition of Media

    • Communication channels through which information, entertainment, education, data, or promotional messages are disseminated.
    • Includes various broadcasting and narrowcasting mediums like newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, internet, etc.
    • Materials available in printed form.
    • Includes books, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, posters, brochures, etc.
    • Books are the oldest medium.
    • Magazines and newspapers gained popularity in the 20th century, playing a vital role in local, national, and global communication.

    Types of Print Media

    • Newspapers
    • Books
    • Magazines
    • Newsletters
    • Brochures
    • Posters
    • Proliferation of news media.
    • Shifting news media audiences.
    • Convergence of media into single platforms.
    • Focus on business values and profit orientation.
    • Dependence on advertising revenue
    • Paid news systems
    • Corporation of media through concentration of ownership and conglomeration.

    Electronic Media

    • Accessed through electronic devices.
    • Includes radio, television, and the internet.
    • Radio is the oldest form of electronic media.
    • Television emerged as a dominant medium in the mid-20th century.
    • The internet has become a powerful communication force with the introduction of the World Wide Web.
    • Both print and electronic media contribute to mass communication.
    • Electronic media's ability to adapt to the digital age has made it a persistent form of communication.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the various types of communication, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, and mass communication. Additionally, it covers the five essential elements of the communication process: communicator, audience, message, media, and feedback. Test your understanding of these fundamental concepts in communication.

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