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Questions and Answers
What happens to calcium oxide when it reacts with water?
What happens to calcium oxide when it reacts with water?
- It forms a mixture of gases.
- It produces slaked lime and releases heat. (correct)
- It transforms into carbon dioxide.
- It disappears completely in the reaction.
Which of the following describes a combination reaction?
Which of the following describes a combination reaction?
- A single product is formed from two or more reactants. (correct)
- Two or more products are formed from a single reactant.
- Reactants are broken down into simpler substances.
- Only one of the reactants is consumed in the process.
What is the chemical formula for slaked lime?
What is the chemical formula for slaked lime?
- CaCO3
- CaO
- Ca(OH)2 (correct)
- H2O
What byproduct is produced when slaked lime reacts with carbon dioxide in the air?
What byproduct is produced when slaked lime reacts with carbon dioxide in the air?
Why does calcium oxide react vigorously with water?
Why does calcium oxide react vigorously with water?
Which method can be used to identify a combination reaction clearly?
Which method can be used to identify a combination reaction clearly?
What is released during the reaction between calcium oxide and water?
What is released during the reaction between calcium oxide and water?
What important human activity uses slaked lime produced from calcium oxide?
What important human activity uses slaked lime produced from calcium oxide?
What does the notation (aq) indicate in a chemical equation?
What does the notation (aq) indicate in a chemical equation?
Which symbol indicates that a reactant is in the form of steam?
Which symbol indicates that a reactant is in the form of steam?
When might physical states not be included in a chemical equation?
When might physical states not be included in a chemical equation?
What can be indicated above or below the arrow in a chemical equation?
What can be indicated above or below the arrow in a chemical equation?
In the reaction CO(g) + 2H2(g) → CH3OH(l), what does the (l) notation represent?
In the reaction CO(g) + 2H2(g) → CH3OH(l), what does the (l) notation represent?
Which of the following compounds is not produced in the reaction of Barium chloride with Aluminium sulfate?
Which of the following compounds is not produced in the reaction of Barium chloride with Aluminium sulfate?
What is the result when sodium hydroxide solution reacts with hydrochloric acid solution?
What is the result when sodium hydroxide solution reacts with hydrochloric acid solution?
What states of matter are represented by the notations (s), (g), (aq), and (l)?
What states of matter are represented by the notations (s), (g), (aq), and (l)?
What is the primary indication that a chemical reaction has taken place?
What is the primary indication that a chemical reaction has taken place?
What substance is formed when a magnesium ribbon burns in air?
What substance is formed when a magnesium ribbon burns in air?
In which of the following scenarios would you expect a chemical change to occur?
In which of the following scenarios would you expect a chemical change to occur?
Why should students wear suitable eyeglasses during the magnesium ribbon experiment?
Why should students wear suitable eyeglasses during the magnesium ribbon experiment?
What is typically observed when grapes undergo fermentation?
What is typically observed when grapes undergo fermentation?
What safety precaution is advised when handling acids in experiments?
What safety precaution is advised when handling acids in experiments?
Which of the following describes a physical change rather than a chemical change?
Which of the following describes a physical change rather than a chemical change?
Which statement best differentiates between a chemical and a physical change?
Which statement best differentiates between a chemical and a physical change?
What do the reactants and products in a chemical equation represent?
What do the reactants and products in a chemical equation represent?
Which of the following statements about a balanced chemical equation is true?
Which of the following statements about a balanced chemical equation is true?
In a skeletal chemical equation, which element is shown on the left-hand side?
In a skeletal chemical equation, which element is shown on the left-hand side?
How can a chemical equation be made more concise?
How can a chemical equation be made more concise?
What happens to the atoms of each element during a chemical reaction according to the law of conservation of mass?
What happens to the atoms of each element during a chemical reaction according to the law of conservation of mass?
What is represented by the arrow in a chemical equation?
What is represented by the arrow in a chemical equation?
Why is it necessary to balance a skeletal chemical equation?
Why is it necessary to balance a skeletal chemical equation?
What does the term 'symbols' refer to in chemical equations?
What does the term 'symbols' refer to in chemical equations?
What is formed when sodium sulphate and barium chloride react?
What is formed when sodium sulphate and barium chloride react?
Which of the following statements correctly describes a double displacement reaction?
Which of the following statements correctly describes a double displacement reaction?
Which substance remains soluble in the solution after the double displacement reaction?
Which substance remains soluble in the solution after the double displacement reaction?
What is the state of barium sulphate produced in the reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride?
What is the state of barium sulphate produced in the reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride?
What color is the precipitate formed in the reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide?
What color is the precipitate formed in the reaction of lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide?
In the activity with copper powder, what is the black substance that forms?
In the activity with copper powder, what is the black substance that forms?
What type of reaction is a formation of a precipitate typically considered?
What type of reaction is a formation of a precipitate typically considered?
What element is added to copper to form copper(II) oxide during the experiment?
What element is added to copper to form copper(II) oxide during the experiment?
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Study Notes
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Chemical reactions involve the breaking and making of bonds between atoms to produce new substances
- A single product is formed from two or more reactants in a combination reaction
- Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and releases a large amount of heat
- The reaction of calcium oxide and water is an example of a combination reaction
- Slaked lime is used for whitewashing walls
- Calcium hydroxide reacts slowly with carbon dioxide in air to form a thin layer of calcium carbonate, which makes the walls shiny
Representing Chemical Equations
- Reactants are written on the left-hand side (LHS) of a chemical equation with a plus sign (+) between them.
- Products are written on the right-hand side (RHS) of a chemical equation with a plus sign (+) between them.
- The arrowhead points towards the products and shows the direction of the reaction.
- A skeletal chemical equation uses chemical formulae instead of words
- A balanced chemical equation ensures the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides
- The law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
- The state symbol (g), (l), (aq), and (s) are used to indicate the state of the reactants or products: gaseous, liquid, aqueous (dissolved in water), and solid, respectively
- Sometimes, the reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and catalysts, are indicated above and/or below the arrow in the equation
Decomposition Reaction
- A decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a single reactant breaks down to give two or more products.
- Heat, light, or electricity can be used to break down the reactants in a decomposition reaction.
- The reaction of calcium carbonate on heating is an example of a decomposition reaction.
Displacement Reaction
- In a displacement reaction, a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound.
- The reaction of iron with copper sulphate solution is an example of a displacement reaction.
- Iron is more reactive than copper and displaces copper from copper sulphate solution.
Double Displacement Reaction
- In a double displacement reaction, there is an exchange of ions between the reactants.
- The reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solution is an example of a double displacement reaction.
- The reaction produces a white precipitate of barium sulphate and a solution of sodium chloride.
- A precipitation reaction is any reaction that produces a precipitate (an insoluble solid formed during a reaction).
Oxidation and Reduction
- Oxidation is the gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen.
- Reduction is the loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen.
- The reaction of copper with oxygen to form copper oxide is an example of oxidation.
Neutralization Reaction
- A neutralization reaction is a reaction between an acid and a base, producing salt and water.
- Acids and bases react to form salt and water.
- The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution is an example of a neutralization reaction.
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