Types of Banks in Banking

Retail Banks: Provide basic banking services to individuals and small businesses, such as deposit accounts, loans, and credit cards.
Commercial Banks: Provide services to businesses, including cash management, trade finance, and commercial lending.
Investment Banks: Assist in raising capital, advising on mergers and acquisitions, and trading securities.
Central Banks: Regulate the money supply, set interest rates, and maintain financial stability.

Accepting Deposits: Accepting money from customers and providing a safe place to store it.
Making Loans: Providing loans to customers for various purposes, such as buying a home or financing a business.
Providing Payment Services: Facilitating transactions between customers, such as through credit cards, debit cards, and online banking.
Investing: Investing in securities and other assets to generate returns.

Present Value: The current value of a future cash flow.
Future Value: The value of a current cash flow at a future date.
Net Present Value: The difference between the present value of cash inflows and outflows.

Stocks: Represent ownership in a company and provide a claim on its assets and profits.
Bonds: Represent debt obligations and provide a fixed return in the form of interest payments.
Derivatives: Derive their value from underlying assets, such as options and futures.

Money Market: A market for short-term debt securities, such as commercial paper and treasury bills.
Capital Market: A market for long-term debt and equity securities, such as stocks and bonds.
Foreign Exchange Market: A market for exchanging currencies.

Budgeting: Creating a plan for how to allocate income towards expenses, savings, and debt repayment.
Forecasting: Predicting future financial outcomes based on past trends and assumptions.

Ratio Analysis: Analyzing financial ratios, such as profitability and liquidity ratios, to evaluate a company's performance.
Break-Even Analysis: Determining the point at which a company's revenue equals its total fixed and variable costs.

Diversification: Spreading investments across different asset classes to reduce risk.
Hedging: Taking positions in financial instruments to reduce the risk of adverse price movements.

Retail Banks provide basic banking services to individuals and small businesses, including deposit accounts, loans, and credit cards.
Commercial Banks offer services to businesses, such as cash management, trade finance, and commercial lending.
Investment Banks assist in raising capital, advising on mergers and acquisitions, and trading securities.
Central Banks regulate the money supply, set interest rates, and maintain financial stability.

Accepting Deposits involves accepting money from customers and providing a safe place to store it.
Making Loans provides loans to customers for various purposes, such as buying a home or financing a business.
Providing Payment Services facilitates transactions between customers through credit cards, debit cards, and online banking.
Investing involves investing in securities and other assets to generate returns.

Present Value is the current value of a future cash flow.
Future Value is the value of a current cash flow at a future date.
Net Present Value is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and outflows.

Stocks represent ownership in a company and provide a claim on its assets and profits.
Bonds represent debt obligations and provide a fixed return in the form of interest payments.
Derivatives derive their value from underlying assets, such as options and futures.

Money Market is a market for short-term debt securities, such as commercial paper and treasury bills.
Capital Market is a market for long-term debt and equity securities, such as stocks and bonds.
Foreign Exchange Market is a market for exchanging currencies.

Budgeting involves creating a plan for how to allocate income towards expenses, savings, and debt repayment.
Forecasting predicts future financial outcomes based on past trends and assumptions.

Ratio Analysis involves analyzing financial ratios, such as profitability and liquidity ratios, to evaluate a company's performance.
Break-Even Analysis determines the point at which a company's revenue equals its total fixed and variable costs.

Diversification involves spreading investments across different asset classes to reduce risk.
Hedging takes positions in financial instruments to reduce the risk of adverse price movements.