29 Questions
Which type of bacteria can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen?
Facultative anaerobes
Which type of bacteria require low concentrations of oxygen to grow?
Microaerophilic bacteria
Which bacteria can't use oxygen but can tolerate its presence?
Aerotolerant anaerobes
Which bacteria require higher concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere surrounding their culture?
Obligate anaerobes
Which basic chemical reactions are involved in bacterial metabolism?
Anabolism and Catabolism
What is bacterial growth defined as?
Increase in cell number through binary fission
During binary fission, what is the first step that occurs?
Cell elongates and DNA is replicated
Which method is used to measure bacterial growth by counting the number of cells seen under a microscope?
Direct microscopic count
What does generation time refer to in bacterial growth?
Time required for one complete cell division
Which factor regulates bacterial growth in a lab setting?
Nutritional environment
What is the purpose of culture media in bacterial growth?
To provide nutrients for bacterial growth
Where do psychrotrophs thrive and are responsible for most low-temperature food spoilage?
15 to 20 ℃
Which microbe group prefers an optimum temperature commonly around 37 ℃?
Mesophiles
Where can extreme thermophiles (hyperthermophiles) be found?
Volcanic and ocean vents
At which pH range do neutrophiles prefer to grow?
6.5 to 7.5
Which microbe produces lactic acid and tolerates mild acidity?
Lactobacillus
What is the optimum temperature for thermophiles?
>80 ℃
What is the main purpose of bacterial metabolism?
To generate energy
What is the primary source of energy for microorganisms in catabolism?
Carbohydrates
Which process involves the gain of hydrogens and/or electrons?
Reduction
How do bacteria typically break down nutritive material in catabolism?
By secreting enzymes
What does anabolism primarily involve?
Forming cellular structures and molecules
Which of the following is an end product resulting from fermentation in bacterial metabolism?
Ethanol
What is the role of enzymes in reduction-oxidation reactions?
Act as catalysts to speed up the reactions
In a redox reaction, the substance that gets oxidized is known as:
Electron acceptor
Which of the following is NOT an example of a metallic cofactor involved in redox reactions?
Vitamin B
What is the primary function of oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration?
Transfer of electrons to generate ATP
What characterizes organism that can carry out aerobic respiration?
Oxidation of glucose to pyruvic acid
Where does the electron transport system and oxidative phosphorylation occur in bacteria?
Within the cell membrane
This quiz covers different types of bacteria based on their oxygen requirements, such as obligate anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, microaerophiles, and aerotolerant anaerobes. Examples of specific bacteria for each category are provided for better understanding.
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