Types of Assertions Quiz

Types of Assertions

• Fact: A statement proven objectively through direct experience, witness testimonies, verified observations, or research results.
• Convention: A socially accepted way of doing things that cannot be objectively verified by measurements.
• Opinion: A statement based on facts but cannot be objectively verified due to the uncertainty of producing satisfactory proofs.
• Preference: A personal choice that does not require support or proof of truthfulness, and is subjective and cannot be objectively proven or logically attacked.

Determining Textual Evidence

• Recognize and formulate counterclaims: Claims that refute previous claims in readings.
• Textual Evidence: The details given by the author to support their claims, revealing the writer's position and encouraging higher-level thinking skills.

Importance of Textual Evidence

• Critical thinking in society is increasingly important for students to evaluate what they read.
• Supports the main idea and conclusions drawn from the text.
• Encourages higher-level thinking skills.

Ways to Present Textual Evidence

• Paraphrasing: Restating the text in your own words.
• Summarizing: Stating the main idea and relevant details in a shorter way.
• Referencing: Mentioning a specific section in the text.
• Quoting: Directly restating a part of the text.

Qualitative Data Analysis

• Coding: The process of categorizing data by identifying and labeling parts of the data with codes.
• Preparatory Coding Steps:
  • Review research questions and goals.
  • Review Review of Related Literature (RRL).
  • Ensure transcribed data is clean and accurate.
• Coding Steps:
  • Determine the kind of codes required.
  • Start Open Coding: Summarize respondent responses in one word or phrase.
  • Start Axial Coding: Relate codes to one another through conditions, strategies, or consequences.
  • Start Selective Coding:

Archetypal Analysis

• A Qualitative Data Analysis technique used to narrate a story or experience.
• Involves identifying archetypes, such as:
  • Hero: A character exhibiting heroic qualities.
  • Mother: A character representing nurturing qualities.

Semiotic Analysis

• Branches of Semiotic Theory:
  • First Branch: Signifier (Sign) and Signified (Meaning).
  • Second Branch: Potency (Idea), Act (Perception), and Relation (Cultural Meaning).
• Steps to perform Semiotic Analysis:
  • Identify a lens (Signified).
  • Look for signs and identify possible meanings.

Qualitative Data Interpretation

• Goals:
  • Answer the research problem statement.
  • Explain the answers.
• Steps:
  • Archetypes analysis, theme, or sign representation.
  • Answer the research question.
  • Enumerate and explain important findings.

Responsible Use of Social Media

• Social Media redefined the role of Journalists, making news and current events more accessible.
• However, it also poses risks.

Rizal and the Propaganda Movement

• The Ilustrados were a group of:
  • New rich (businessmen)
  • Chinese merchants
  • Educated individuals
  • Landowners
  • Filipinos who studied in Europe
• Examples: Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Juan Luna, and Emilio Aguinaldo.
• The Propaganda Movement was a group of reformists who sought to make changes in society.

Andres Bonifacio and the Katipunan

• The Katipunan was founded on July 7, 1892, by Andres Bonifacio.
• The group's concept of nationhood included:
  • Brotherhood
  • Freedom
  • Building the Motherland
• The Katipunan's slogan was "Kapatiran, Kaginhawaan, Mabuting kalooban" (Brotherhood, Freedom, and Goodwill).

The End of the Revolution and the Treaty of Paris

• The Katipuneros in Cavite had two opposing councils: Magdiwang and Magdalo.
• Daniel Tirona opposed Bonifacio's election as Director of the Interior due to lack of education.
• The Magdalo council, led by Baldomero Aguinaldo, eventually won.
• Andres Bonifacio was killed on May 10, 1897, along with his brother Procopio.
• The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1898, marking the end of the Spanish-American War.