Q 3 Types of Anemia- Exam 2

Types of Anemia

• Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by microcytic (small cell) and hypochromic (decreased color) red cells, with MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) decreased.
• Red blood cells in iron deficiency anemia can also exhibit poikilocytosis (irregular shape) and anisocytosis (irregular size).

Megaloblastic Anemia

• Megaloblastic anemia is marked by macrocytic (large cell) and misshaped red blood cells.
• The anemia is caused by impaired DNA synthesis, which leads to slow cell growth and resulting symptoms.
• Red blood cells in megaloblastic anemia have an increased MCV (mean corpuscular volume) of > 100 fL due to impaired maturation and division.
• Common causes of megaloblastic anemia include folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiencies.

Sickle Cell Disease

• Sickle cell disease is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells that become sickled when deoxygenated.
• This abnormal shape increases red cell adhesiveness and adherence to vessel walls, leading to hemolysis, occlusion, and ischemia.

Normal Red Blood Cells

• Normal red blood cells are normocytic (normal size) and normochromic (normal color).

Types of Anemia

• Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by microcytic (small cell) and hypochromic (decreased color) red cells, with MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) decreased.
• Red blood cells in iron deficiency anemia can also exhibit poikilocytosis (irregular shape) and anisocytosis (irregular size).

Megaloblastic Anemia

• Megaloblastic anemia is marked by macrocytic (large cell) and misshaped red blood cells.
• The anemia is caused by impaired DNA synthesis, which leads to slow cell growth and resulting symptoms.
• Red blood cells in megaloblastic anemia have an increased MCV (mean corpuscular volume) of > 100 fL due to impaired maturation and division.
• Common causes of megaloblastic anemia include folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiencies.

Sickle Cell Disease

• Sickle cell disease is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells that become sickled when deoxygenated.
• This abnormal shape increases red cell adhesiveness and adherence to vessel walls, leading to hemolysis, occlusion, and ischemia.

Normal Red Blood Cells

• Normal red blood cells are normocytic (normal size) and normochromic (normal color).

This quiz covers the characteristics of iron deficiency anemia and megaloblastic anemia, including red blood cell morphology and causes. Learn about microcytic and hypochromic cells, poikilocytosis, anisocytosis, and macrocytic cells.