Questions and Answers
What is the defining characteristic of membranous inflammation?
Which type of inflammation is associated with the highest concentration of eosinophils in the tissue and blood?
Which of the following is a key feature of hemorrhagic inflammation?
What is the primary cause of the tissue necrosis observed in necrotizing inflammation?
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Which of the following is the most common causative organism for acute suppurative inflammation?
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What is the primary characteristic of catarrhal inflammation?
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Which type of inflammation is characterized by the formation of fibrin-rich inflammatory exudate?
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Which of the following is an example of serous inflammation?
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Which type of inflammation is characterized by excessive amounts of inflammatory fluid rich in fibrin, resulting in an opaque appearance of the inflamed tissue?
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Which of the following is NOT a site for fibrinous inflammation?
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What is the main characteristic of catarrhal inflammation?
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Which type of inflammation involves the formation of thin exudate mainly composed of water and salt?
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In which type of inflammation do mucous membranes return to normal following the acute phase?
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What distinguishes serofibrinous inflammation from serous inflammation?
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Which site is commonly affected by catarrhal inflammation?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acute suppurative inflammation?
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What is the primary mechanism behind the formation of an abscess?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the pus formed in acute suppurative inflammation?
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In which type of inflammation would you expect to find the highest concentration of eosinophils in the affected tissue?
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What is the primary cause of tissue necrosis in necrotizing inflammation?
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Study Notes
Types of Acute Inflammation
- Acute inflammation can be classified into two types: suppurative and non-suppurative.
Suppurative Inflammation
- Characterized by pus formation.
- Causative organisms: Pyogenic organisms (Staphylococci, Streptococci).
- Pus is formed of: inflammatory fluid exudate, liquefied necrotic tissue, living and dead neutrophils, red blood cells, bacteria, bacterial pigments, and toxins.
- Characters of the pus: thick alkaline fluid, does not clot on standing, usually yellowish or green, and usually odorless or offensive (due to E.coli).
- Amount of pus depends on the causative organism and site of infection.
- Types of suppurative inflammation: localized and diffuse.
- Examples of localized suppurative inflammation: abscess, carbuncle, furuncle, and acute suppurative appendicitis.
- Examples of diffuse suppurative inflammation: cellulitis.
Non-Suppurative Inflammation
- Can be classified into several types: catarrhal, fibrinous, serous, serofibrinous, membranous, allergic, hemorrhagic, and necrotizing.
- Catarrhal inflammation: mild acute non-suppurative inflammation affecting the mucous membranes (upper RT, UT, and GIT).
- Gross picture: mucous membranes are swollen, red, congested, hot, and dry, followed by excessive thin watery discharge, which then becomes thick and mucoid.
- Fibrinous inflammation: acute non-suppurative inflammation characterized by formation of fibrin-rich inflammatory exudate.
- Sites: serous membranes (pericardium, pleura, and peritoneum), and the alveoli of the lung in lobar pneumonia.
- Serous inflammation: acute non-suppurative inflammation characterized by formation of thin exudate, mainly water and salt.
- Examples: serous membranes inflammation (pericarditis), skin bullae in burn, and viral blisters (e.g. herpes simplex).
- Serofibrinous inflammation: acute non-suppurative inflammation characterized by excessive amounts of inflammatory fluid rich in fibrin.
- Example: pleurisy with effusion.
- Membranous inflammation: acute non-suppurative inflammation of mucus membranes characterized by formation of pseudo-membranes.
- Sites: intestine in bacillary dysentery and throat in diphtheria infections.
- Gross picture: the membrane is grayish white, thin, attached to the underlying mucous membrane, and bleeds on removal, with superficial bleeding ulcers.
- Allergic inflammation: acute non-suppurative inflammation of mucus surfaces due to Ag-Ab reaction and characterized by excess amount of inflammatory exudate and edema fluid, and rich in eosinophils in tissues and blood.
- Examples: bronchial asthma, urticaria, and anaphylaxis.
- Hemorrhagic inflammation: severe acute non-suppurative inflammation characterized by destruction of capillaries with escape of large numbers of RBC's to the area of inflammation.
- Examples: smallpox, hemolytic streptococcal infection.
- Necrotizing inflammation: acute non-suppurative inflammation associated with widespread necrosis, resulting from superimposed thrombosis and vascular obstruction.
- Examples: cancrum oris, Vincent angina, and severe acute appendicitis.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the types of acute inflammation including suppurative and non-suppurative categories with subtypes like localized and diffuse inflammation. Explore different forms such as catarrhal, fibrinous, serous, serofibrinous, membranous, allergic, hemorrhagic, and necrotizing inflammation.
