ACIDS

• Acids are chemical substances with replaceable hydrogen atoms and the word "acid" comes from the Latin word 'acidus' meaning sour.
• Organic acids are found in plants and animals, while inorganic acids come from rocks and minerals.
• Acids can be classified into monobasic, dibasic, or tribasic acids based on the number of hydrogen ions they give per molecule in solution.
• Strong acids like HCl ionize completely in water, while weak acids like CH3COOH ionize partially.
• Acids have properties like a sour taste, corrosiveness, ability to react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, and changing the color of indicators like litmus and phenolphthalein.
• Some common organic acids include citric acid in citrus fruits, lactic acid in sour milk, and acetic acid in vinegar.
• Mineral acids like hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid are commonly used in laboratories and are corrosive to metals and organic materials but not glass or ceramics.
• Some uses of acids include sulfuric acid in car batteries, nitric acid in fertilizer production, and hydrochloric acid as a cleansing agent.
• Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is known as the "king of chemicals" due to its industrial importance, and fluoro sulphuric acid (HFSO3) is considered the strongest acid in the world.

Learn about the different types of acids including organic acids and inorganic acids. Explore examples of weak acids and strong acids like monobasic and dibasic acids.