Questions and Answers
Which indicator turns red in the presence of acids?
Methyl orange
What is the main reason why acids are stored in glass bottles?
To prevent them from corroding the container
Which compound is NOT an acid according to the text?
Sulphuric acid
What is the common element present in all acids according to the text?
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Which acid is referred to as the 'King of Chemicals'?
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What is the strongest acid mentioned in the text?
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What is the Latin meaning of the word 'acid'?
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Which type of acid gives two hydrogen ions per molecule in a solution?
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Which acid is found in citrus fruits like lemons and oranges?
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What characteristic defines strong acids?
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Which of the following acids is not classified as an organic acid?
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What property of mineral acids makes them corrosive?
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Study Notes
- Acids are chemical substances with replaceable hydrogen atoms and the word "acid" comes from the Latin word 'acidus' meaning sour.
- Organic acids are found in plants and animals, while inorganic acids come from rocks and minerals.
- Acids can be classified into monobasic, dibasic, or tribasic acids based on the number of hydrogen ions they give per molecule in solution.
- Strong acids like HCl ionize completely in water, while weak acids like CH3COOH ionize partially.
- Acids have properties like a sour taste, corrosiveness, ability to react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, and changing the color of indicators like litmus and phenolphthalein.
- Some common organic acids include citric acid in citrus fruits, lactic acid in sour milk, and acetic acid in vinegar.
- Mineral acids like hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid are commonly used in laboratories and are corrosive to metals and organic materials but not glass or ceramics.
- Some uses of acids include sulfuric acid in car batteries, nitric acid in fertilizer production, and hydrochloric acid as a cleansing agent.
- Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is known as the "king of chemicals" due to its industrial importance, and fluoro sulphuric acid (HFSO3) is considered the strongest acid in the world.
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