TV Broadcast Standards

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Questions and Answers

What does PAL stand for?

Séquential Couleur Avec Mémoire

Phase Alternating Line (correct)

National Television Standards Committee

Système Electronique Couleur Avec Mémoire

Analog videotape (VHS, Betamax) is a type of digital carrier format.

False

What is the traditional application of video technology?

Television broadcasting and home movies

The Internet has made possible the rise of compressed ____________________ file formats to syndicate video files to a global audience.

video Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of digital video over analog?

Eliminates the image-degrading analog-to-digital conversion Signup and view all the answers

Digital video has replaced analog as the method of choice for making and delivering video for multimedia.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the following broadcast television standards with their country of origin:

NTSC = North America PAL = Britain SECAM = France and Asia Signup and view all the answers

What is video commonly used for, besides television broadcasting and home movies?

Scientific engineering, manufacturing, and security applications Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of lossy compression over lossless compression?

Greater compression ratios Signup and view all the answers

MPEG-7 is a preferred standard for video compression.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chroma keys in video shooting?

Composition Signup and view all the answers

MPEG stands for ______________________.

Motion Picture Experts Group Signup and view all the answers

Match the following video compression standards with their descriptions:

MPEG = Real-time video compression algorithm JPEG = Image compression standard Cinepak = Video compression standard Sorenson = Video compression standard Signup and view all the answers

In nonlinear editing, changes are made to the original footage.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) in a digital camera?

To convert light into an electronic signal Signup and view all the answers

All consumer-grade cameras have three CCDs.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of video compression/decompression programs?

To reduce the size of video files Signup and view all the answers

The output of the CCD is processed by the camera into a signal containing three channels of ________ information and synchronization pulse.

color Signup and view all the answers

Match the following video editing tools with their examples:

Splice = Creating Keith Haring Art Projects iMovie = Proper Care and Feeding of iPads iStopMotion = Apple Still Life Animoto = Grace's Animoto Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a codec in digital video compression?

To compress video files Signup and view all the answers

QuickTime is a type of video compression algorithm.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using three CCDs in a digital camera?

To capture more accurate color information Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Video Standards

PAL (Phase Alternating Line) is a British broadcast television standard
NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) is a North American broadcast television standard
SECAM (Séquential Couleur avec Mémoire) is a French and Asian broadcast television standard
Typically, video is recorded at 30 frames per second

Introduction to Video

Video refers to both digital and analog formats, including DVD, Quicktime, Ogg, VHS, and Betamax
Video technology has been used in television broadcasting and home movies
The rise of the internet has enabled the use of compressed video file formats to reach a global audience

Using Video

Video is an excellent tool for delivering multimedia
Digital video has replaced analog as the method of choice for making and delivering video
Digital video devices produce high-quality products at a lower cost than analog
Digital video eliminates the need for analog-to-digital conversion

Video in Multimedia Projects

Examples of video in multimedia projects include:
- Splice: Creating Recycle Robots and Keith Haring Art Projects
- iMovie: Proper Care and Feeding of iPads and Physics Lab
- iTimelapse: Watercolor Painting Timelapse Video
- iStopMotion: Apple Still Life
- Animoto: Grace's Animoto
- Silent Movie Director: Computer Lab Rules
- Cartoonatic: Strip Structures

How Video Works

Light passes through the camera lens and is converted to an electronic signal by a Charge Coupled Device (CCD)
Most consumer-grade cameras have a single CCD, while professional-grade cameras have three CCDs for each Red, Green, and Blue color information
The output of the CCD is processed by the camera into a signal containing three channels of color information and synchronization pulse (sync)

Digital Video Compression

Video compression is necessary due to the large sizes of video files
Compression algorithms (codecs) are used to compress video for delivery
Lossless compression preserves image quality, while lossy compression eliminates some data for greater compression ratios
Common compression standards include MPEG, JPEG, Cinepak, and Sorenson

Editing and Post-Production

Editing involves selecting, trimming, and organizing raw footage, applying transitions, and combining picture with sound
No changes are made to the footage itself
Shooting and editing video involves planning, including storyboarding, lighting, and composition