Television & Radio Study Notes

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Questions and Answers

What is a counter program?

You put on your best show, I'm going to do the exact opposite show & make it good.

What year and show was the first three-camera production?

1957-1960: Gunsmoke

What don't NCIS do and why?

Charge as much for ads - demographics are older

What is television described as?

A social and cultural force as well as a source of entertainment, news, and advertising. Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'Water Cooler' Effect?

A common language between strangers & acquaintances. Signup and view all the answers

What year was the major decade of growth for TV and when did network programming begin?

50s - between 1950 (10%) & 1952 (34%) Signup and view all the answers

How many households had TV in 2015-16?

113.3 million (94-97%) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of TiVo?

'Timeshifting:' we want to watch programs on our schedules (62% have DVRs) Signup and view all the answers

What does VOD stand for?

Video on Demand Signup and view all the answers

What is growing in daily viewing times?

Using a smartphone. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ranking of the days of the week for viewing?

Su, M, Th, Tu, W, Sa, Fr Signup and view all the answers

What are the categories of what you see in TV?

Broadcast TV, Cable (and DSS) TV, Streaming, Video via Digital Devices. Signup and view all the answers

What are Cable (and DSS) TV?

Set up a box - controls what channels consumers get; Subscribe for a monthly fee/sometimes with contracts. Signup and view all the answers

What is streaming?

Over top of box/cord cutting/cord snipping - becoming more popular - skews younger generations. Signup and view all the answers

What is TV & IMC?

Most versatile, controlled, primary medium for large campaigns. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of TV advertising for Broadcast & Cable?

<ol> <li>National, 2) Spot Advertising, 3) Local Advertising.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are three other types of TV advertising?

<ol> <li>Syndication, 2) Program-length ads (PLAs or infomercials), 3) Digital Media Deals.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the heaviest viewers of TV?

Middle income, high school grads. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most expensive cable network for advertisers & operators?

ESPN Signup and view all the answers

Who is #1 in TV rating services?

Nielsen Media Signup and view all the answers

What are the top 4 rated programs according to Nielsen?

<ol> <li>Football, 2) 60 Minutes, 3) NCIS, 4) Big Bang Theory.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is DMA for GR?

#41/120 Signup and view all the answers

What does TVHH stand for?

Households with TV, off or on. Signup and view all the answers

What does HUT stand for?

Households using TV - smaller number than TVHH. Signup and view all the answers

What do Gross Rating Points represent?

The 'weight' or impact of an ad schedule. Signup and view all the answers

What is network time bought in?

Up front in May and scatter plans. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cost of ad time based on?

<ol> <li>Overall ratings, 2) Audience demographics, 3) Supply/Demand for slots, 4) Delivering to a live audience.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What does buying local TV time involve?

<ol> <li>Local affiliate time based on 'Sweeps' periods, 2) Local cable time - Affordable.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Television & Radio Study Notes

Counter Program: A strategy where a show airs opposite a competitor's program, aiming to attract viewers with a contrasting theme.
First 3-Camera Production: "Gunsmoke" was the first show to utilize a 3-camera setup from 1957 to 1960.
NCIS Advertising Strategy: NCIS charges lower rates for ads due to its older demographic viewership.
Television's Role: Acts as a significant social and cultural force, providing entertainment, news, and advertising.
Cultural Impact: The "Water Cooler" Effect describes how TV creates a common conversational language among people.
TV Growth Milestone: Major growth in television occurred in the 1950s, with network programming levels increasing from 10% in 1950 to 34% in 1952.
Households with TV (2015-16): Approximately 113.3 million households (94-97%) had at least one television.
TiVo Usage: Primarily utilized for "Timeshifting," allowing viewers to watch programs on their own schedule; 62% of households have DVRs.
Video on Demand (VOD): Popular services like Netflix and Amazon that allow users to view content whenever they choose; 76% usage rate.
Daily Viewing Trends: There is a growth in smartphone usage for TV viewing.
Viewing Preferences by Day: Viewer rankings for the week start with Sunday, followed by Monday, Thursday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday, and Friday.
TV Categories: Includes Broadcast TV, Cable (including DSS), Streaming, and Video via Digital Devices like desktops and smartphones.
Cable (and DSS) TV: Operates with a subscription model that includes equipment installation and monthly fees.
Streaming Services: Gaining popularity and skewing towards younger audiences; notable platforms include Apple TV, Roku, and Amazon Fire.
Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC): Television is a versatile medium used for major advertising campaigns.
Types of TV Advertising:
- National Advertising: For large brands, consisting of around 4,900 advertisers.
- Spot Advertising: Allows geographic flexibility by buying local ad times.
- Local Advertising: Focused on local media and stations.
Additional TV Advertising Methods:
- Syndication: Selling programs on a station-by-station basis.
- Informercials: Extended program-length commercials.
- Digital Media Deals: Advertising strategies leveraging digital platforms.
TV Audiences: Heaviest viewers tend to be middle-income individuals with high school diplomas; cable households watch more TV now, with an overall fragmented viewing pattern.
Most Expensive Cable Network: ESPN is noted for being the costliest for advertisers and operators.
TV Ratings Leader: Nielsen Media is the foremost provider of TV ratings.
Top Rated Programs According to Nielsen: Include football, "60 Minutes," NCIS, and The Big Bang Theory.
Designated Market Area (DMA): Local TV market ranking is #41 out of 120.
TVHH (Total Households with TV): Represents homes with at least one TV, calculated using viewership percentages.
Households Using TV (HUT): Indicates a smaller number of households than TVHH; calculated share used for competition analysis.
Gross Rating Points (GRP): A measurement indicating the total impact or weight of an advertising schedule, calculated as GRP = Rating x Frequency.
Network Time Purchase Phases:
- Upfront Market: Sales of ad inventory typically occur in May, comprising 75-80% for the upcoming season.
- Scatter Plans: Involves buying ad time closer to the air date.
Cost Factors for Ad Time: Pricing is influenced by overall ratings, audience demographics, supply and demand for slots, and delivery to a live audience.
Local TV Time Purchase:
- Local Affiliate Time: Rates based on "Sweeps" periods held in January, May, July, and November.
- Local Cable Time: Typically affordable with tiered rates based on the cable station package and geographic coverage.
Product Placement: A method for advertisers to integrate their products into programming content effectively.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts of television and radio in this quiz. Topics include production techniques, advertising strategies, and the societal impact of TV programs. Test your knowledge on the history and cultural significance of television.