Podcast
Questions and Answers
How often must the systems and communication media installed inside the tunnels be inspected?
How often must the systems and communication media installed inside the tunnels be inspected?
- Quarterly
- Every two weeks
- Weekly
- Monthly (correct)
Who is responsible for reporting system failures daily?
Who is responsible for reporting system failures daily?
- The SSE/JE/TELE
- The controlling officer (correct)
- The railway operations manager
- The maintenance technician
Which of the following tools is NOT listed as required for the maintenance of equipment?
Which of the following tools is NOT listed as required for the maintenance of equipment?
- Pressure gauge (correct)
- Multimeter
- Screw driver
- Hydrometer
What is required to be provided in the monthly failure report to the Headquarter?
What is required to be provided in the monthly failure report to the Headquarter?
Which device is specifically mentioned as part of the monthly inspection requirements?
Which device is specifically mentioned as part of the monthly inspection requirements?
What are the primary categories for tunnel lengths on the Indian Railway network?
What are the primary categories for tunnel lengths on the Indian Railway network?
Which frequency bands are used for VHF Simplex communication in Indian Railways?
Which frequency bands are used for VHF Simplex communication in Indian Railways?
What type of communication system is specifically mentioned for emergency communication in tunnels?
What type of communication system is specifically mentioned for emergency communication in tunnels?
Which of the following is NOT a frequency band used for tunnel communication systems in Indian Railways?
Which of the following is NOT a frequency band used for tunnel communication systems in Indian Railways?
What is the purpose of the Tunnel Radio System mentioned in the document?
What is the purpose of the Tunnel Radio System mentioned in the document?
What is the frequency range allocated for LocoTrol communication in Indian Railways?
What is the frequency range allocated for LocoTrol communication in Indian Railways?
Which communication technology uses frequency bands of 876-915 MHz (Uplink) and 921-960 MHz (Downlink)?
Which communication technology uses frequency bands of 876-915 MHz (Uplink) and 921-960 MHz (Downlink)?
What is the correct frequency band for TETRA communication on Indian Railways?
What is the correct frequency band for TETRA communication on Indian Railways?
What is the main purpose of the Master Unit in tunnel communication systems?
What is the main purpose of the Master Unit in tunnel communication systems?
Which unit is used to convert Optical Signals back into RF Signals?
Which unit is used to convert Optical Signals back into RF Signals?
What type of cable is used for wireless communication inside tunnels to minimize smoke accumulation in case of fire?
What type of cable is used for wireless communication inside tunnels to minimize smoke accumulation in case of fire?
Which system would be used for tunnels less than 500 meters long?
Which system would be used for tunnels less than 500 meters long?
What is the primary function of 7/8" Leaky Cable in tunnels?
What is the primary function of 7/8" Leaky Cable in tunnels?
What types of communication does the Optical Remote Unit support?
What types of communication does the Optical Remote Unit support?
For tunnels less than 500 meters, where should antennas be installed?
For tunnels less than 500 meters, where should antennas be installed?
How are the remote units monitored and controlled?
How are the remote units monitored and controlled?
What power supply specifications are required for the Master Unit in tunnels?
What power supply specifications are required for the Master Unit in tunnels?
What defines a communication channel's coverage as 'failure-free'?
What defines a communication channel's coverage as 'failure-free'?
What is required for tunnels longer than 500 meters in terms of fibre junction box?
What is required for tunnels longer than 500 meters in terms of fibre junction box?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the communication system mentioned for the tunnel?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the communication system mentioned for the tunnel?
How frequently should Emergency Telephones be installed in a tunnel?
How frequently should Emergency Telephones be installed in a tunnel?
What system connection is suggested for video surveillance and public address systems in the tunnel?
What system connection is suggested for video surveillance and public address systems in the tunnel?
Which type of antennas should be installed for tunnels longer than 500 meters?
Which type of antennas should be installed for tunnels longer than 500 meters?
Why is it necessary for the Emergency Telephone to function correctly in the tunnel environment?
Why is it necessary for the Emergency Telephone to function correctly in the tunnel environment?
What is the primary purpose of installing a sound hood in tunnels?
What is the primary purpose of installing a sound hood in tunnels?
At what intervals should the transmitting frequency and power of the system be checked?
At what intervals should the transmitting frequency and power of the system be checked?
What is the required installation distance for loudspeakers in the tunnel?
What is the required installation distance for loudspeakers in the tunnel?
Which type of telephone services should be connected to Tunnel Maintenance Boxes?
Which type of telephone services should be connected to Tunnel Maintenance Boxes?
What kind of system should be provided inside tunnels for monitoring purposes?
What kind of system should be provided inside tunnels for monitoring purposes?
How often should the specific gravity of each cell in the power supply system be checked?
How often should the specific gravity of each cell in the power supply system be checked?
What is the purpose of the weekly checks on the antenna system and radiating cables?
What is the purpose of the weekly checks on the antenna system and radiating cables?
Where should all camera feeds from the surveillance system be transferred to?
Where should all camera feeds from the surveillance system be transferred to?
What is the primary purpose of using an optical power meter in the maintenance of equipment?
What is the primary purpose of using an optical power meter in the maintenance of equipment?
Which tool is specifically suggested for ensuring the quality of fiber connections?
Which tool is specifically suggested for ensuring the quality of fiber connections?
What is typically included in the monthly status report submitted to the Headquarter regarding system failures?
What is typically included in the monthly status report submitted to the Headquarter regarding system failures?
What is the primary communication requirement for tunnels longer than 5 Km?
What is the primary communication requirement for tunnels longer than 5 Km?
How often should the connecting cables supplied with the system be maintained?
How often should the connecting cables supplied with the system be maintained?
Which of the following frequency bands is recommended for LTE communication on Indian Railways?
Which of the following frequency bands is recommended for LTE communication on Indian Railways?
What is the significance of having a reference screenshot while assessing system conditions?
What is the significance of having a reference screenshot while assessing system conditions?
Which type of communication system is indicated as the lifeline of train operation?
Which type of communication system is indicated as the lifeline of train operation?
What type of communication is handled under the TCAS system?
What type of communication is handled under the TCAS system?
Which frequency range is allocated for VHF Simplex communication in the Indian Railway network?
Which frequency range is allocated for VHF Simplex communication in the Indian Railway network?
For tunnels between 500 meters and 5 Km, which communication systems are explicitly required?
For tunnels between 500 meters and 5 Km, which communication systems are explicitly required?
What characteristic is essential for the Tunnel Radio System's operation among tunnels?
What characteristic is essential for the Tunnel Radio System's operation among tunnels?
Which device's communication frequency band is specifically mentioned for LocoTrol in Indian Railways?
Which device's communication frequency band is specifically mentioned for LocoTrol in Indian Railways?
What is the necessary power supply specification for the Master Unit in tunnel communication systems?
What is the necessary power supply specification for the Master Unit in tunnel communication systems?
Why must antennas be installed on a Tower for tunnels longer than 500 meters?
Why must antennas be installed on a Tower for tunnels longer than 500 meters?
What is the role of a Fibre Junction Box in tunnel communications?
What is the role of a Fibre Junction Box in tunnel communications?
How frequently should Emergency Telephones be installed in a tunnel?
How frequently should Emergency Telephones be installed in a tunnel?
What is the primary role of the Optical Remote Unit in tunnel communication systems?
What is the primary role of the Optical Remote Unit in tunnel communication systems?
What additional systems should be connected through the optical fibre system in tunnels?
What additional systems should be connected through the optical fibre system in tunnels?
Which of the following components is specifically used for tunnels longer than 500 meters?
Which of the following components is specifically used for tunnels longer than 500 meters?
What type of communication system is outlined for tunnels less than 500 meters?
What type of communication system is outlined for tunnels less than 500 meters?
What is a key characteristic of the Leaky Cable used in tunnel communication?
What is a key characteristic of the Leaky Cable used in tunnel communication?
What type of cable is essential for minimizing smoke accumulation in tunnels during a fire?
What type of cable is essential for minimizing smoke accumulation in tunnels during a fire?
Which of the following systems is incorporated to ensure seamless communication over various channels in the tunnel?
Which of the following systems is incorporated to ensure seamless communication over various channels in the tunnel?
What conditions are required for an Emergency Telephone to function properly in a tunnel?
What conditions are required for an Emergency Telephone to function properly in a tunnel?
What ensures that the communication channels within the tunnel operate concurrently and without failure?
What ensures that the communication channels within the tunnel operate concurrently and without failure?
Which component would be primarily responsible for signal conversion from RF to light in fiber-fed repeater systems?
Which component would be primarily responsible for signal conversion from RF to light in fiber-fed repeater systems?
What type of communication is supported by Off-Air Channelized Repeaters for tunnels less than 500 meters?
What type of communication is supported by Off-Air Channelized Repeaters for tunnels less than 500 meters?
Which type of repeater is specifically designed to enhance coverage in tunnels shorter than 500 meters?
Which type of repeater is specifically designed to enhance coverage in tunnels shorter than 500 meters?
What is the maximum distance between loudspeakers installed in the tunnel for the public addressing system?
What is the maximum distance between loudspeakers installed in the tunnel for the public addressing system?
Which system should monitor the camera feed from the IP-based video surveillance system?
Which system should monitor the camera feed from the IP-based video surveillance system?
How often should the antenna system and leaky cable connections be checked for any damage?
How often should the antenna system and leaky cable connections be checked for any damage?
What is the purpose of extending hotline telephone services to tunnel maintenance boxes?
What is the purpose of extending hotline telephone services to tunnel maintenance boxes?
What should be done if fault alarms are noticed on the master unit?
What should be done if fault alarms are noticed on the master unit?
What is required for the power supply system's weekly checks?
What is required for the power supply system's weekly checks?
What is the main function of the public addressing system during incidents?
What is the main function of the public addressing system during incidents?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended maintenance practice for the communication system?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended maintenance practice for the communication system?
Flashcards
Tunnel Communication Categories
Tunnel Communication Categories
Indian Railways categorizes tunnels by length: less than 500 meters, 500 meters to 5 km, and greater than 5 km.
VHF Simplex
VHF Simplex
A radio communication system in the 146-163MHz range, used for communication within the tunnel, especially for maintenance & construction blocks.
LocoTrol
LocoTrol
A radio communication system in the 424-430MHz range, used in trains for communication between the driver, guard & station master.
GSM-R/LTE
GSM-R/LTE
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TCAS
TCAS
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TETRA
TETRA
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Tunnel Radio System
Tunnel Radio System
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Radio Communication System in Tunnels
Radio Communication System in Tunnels
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Leaky Cable
Leaky Cable
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Tunnel Antenna Placement ( < 500m )
Tunnel Antenna Placement ( < 500m )
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Tunnel Antenna Placement ( > 500m )
Tunnel Antenna Placement ( > 500m )
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Optical Fiber Connection
Optical Fiber Connection
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Tunnel Power Supply
Tunnel Power Supply
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Fiber Junction Box
Fiber Junction Box
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Emergency Telephone Placement
Emergency Telephone Placement
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Tunnel Communication Cable Types
Tunnel Communication Cable Types
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Tunnel Communication System
Tunnel Communication System
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Master Unit
Master Unit
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Optical Remote Unit
Optical Remote Unit
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Off-Air Repeater
Off-Air Repeater
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Leaky Cable
Leaky Cable
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Fiber Optic Link
Fiber Optic Link
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VHF Simplex
VHF Simplex
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500 Meter Threshold
500 Meter Threshold
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Emergency Communication Socket (EC)
Emergency Communication Socket (EC)
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Monthly Inspection of Tunnel Systems
Monthly Inspection of Tunnel Systems
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Daily Failure Reporting
Daily Failure Reporting
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Monthly System Failure Report to Headquarter
Monthly System Failure Report to Headquarter
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Optical Power Meter
Optical Power Meter
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Sound Hood Installation
Sound Hood Installation
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Emergency Telephone Linkage
Emergency Telephone Linkage
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Public Address System
Public Address System
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Hotline Telephone Extension
Hotline Telephone Extension
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Railway Telephone Extension
Railway Telephone Extension
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Video Surveillance System
Video Surveillance System
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Monthly System Check
Monthly System Check
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Weekly Power Checks
Weekly Power Checks
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Tunnel Communication Categories
Tunnel Communication Categories
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VHF Simplex
VHF Simplex
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LocoTrol
LocoTrol
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GSM-R/LTE
GSM-R/LTE
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TCAS
TCAS
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TETRA
TETRA
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Tunnel Radio System
Tunnel Radio System
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Radio Comm in Tunnels
Radio Comm in Tunnels
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Master Unit Function
Master Unit Function
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Optical Remote Unit
Optical Remote Unit
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Off-Air Repeater ( < 500m )
Off-Air Repeater ( < 500m )
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Leaky Cable Function
Leaky Cable Function
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500m Tunnel Threshold
500m Tunnel Threshold
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VHF Simplex
VHF Simplex
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Tunnel Communication System
Tunnel Communication System
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GSM-R/LTE
GSM-R/LTE
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EC socket
EC socket
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Monthly Inspection
Monthly Inspection
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Daily Failure Report
Daily Failure Report
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Monthly Failure Statement
Monthly Failure Statement
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Maintenance Tools
Maintenance Tools
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Sound Hood Installation
Sound Hood Installation
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Emergency Telephone Linkage
Emergency Telephone Linkage
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Public Address System
Public Address System
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Hotline Telephone Extension
Hotline Telephone Extension
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Railway Telephone Extension
Railway Telephone Extension
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Video Surveillance System
Video Surveillance System
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Monthly System Check
Monthly System Check
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Weekly Power Checks
Weekly Power Checks
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Leaky Cable
Leaky Cable
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Tunnel Antenna Placement (<500m)
Tunnel Antenna Placement (<500m)
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Tunnel Antenna Placement (>500m)
Tunnel Antenna Placement (>500m)
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Optical Fiber Connection
Optical Fiber Connection
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Tunnel Power Supply
Tunnel Power Supply
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Fiber Junction Box
Fiber Junction Box
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Emergency Telephone Placement
Emergency Telephone Placement
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Communication Cable Types
Communication Cable Types
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Study Notes
Tunnel Communication
- Indian Railways tunnels are categorized by length: less than 500 meters, 500 meters to 5 km, and over 5 km.
- Communication systems in tunnels must support communication needs for tunnels in each category.
Radio Communication Systems
- Radio communication systems are needed for various purposes within tunnels, including maintenance, construction, driver-guard communication, emergency communication, as well as train control.
- VHF Simplex: Uses frequency bands 146-163 MHz. This is essential for communication between train operation elements and other radios inside or outside the tunnel. It's designed for seamless, uninterrupted communication across the network.
- LocoTrol: Uses frequency bands 424-430 MHz.
- GSM-R/LTE: Uses frequency bands 876-915MHz (uplink) and 921-960MHz (downlink) for GSM-R, as well as 700MHz for LTE.
- TCAS: Employs frequency bands 405-512 MHz.
- TETRA: Uses frequency bands 370-430 MHz.
Tunnel Radio System Details
- The system provides continuous coverage within the tunnel.
- It connects with headquarters, operation centers, and handheld devices used by staff and emergency responders.
- The system includes master units, remote optical units, and off-air repeaters to handle radio signals.
- Different tunnel lengths use varying equipment setups (e.g., master unit use in tunnels longer than 500m).
System Details for Tunnel Communication
- Master Unit: Converts RF signals to light signals for fiber optic transmission. Primarily used for tunnel lengths over 500 meters.
- Optical Remote Unit: Converts optical signals back to RF for use in tunnel wireless communication (using leaky cables) and connects to the master unit.
- Off-Air Channelized Repeater: Used for tunnels less than 500 meters to improve signal strength and coverage with high-gain antennas.
- Leaky Cable: Used for wireless communication within tunnels to provide effective signal transmission. Has slots for the signal to pass.
Antennas and Fiber Optic Cables
- Antennas are needed for different tunnel lengths and types of communication (VHF, GSM-R/LTE, TCAS, etc.).
- Optical fiber cable is crucial. Connecting the master unit to the remote optical unit within tunnels over 500m.
- Fiber optic cable infrastructure is essential, connecting various points inside the tunnel.
Power Supply and Junction Box
- Power supply units are needed to power the system elements inside the tunnel.
- Fibre junction boxes are needed in tunnels longer than 500 meters to handle the connection points.
- The systems include battery backup in certain cases.
Tunnel Communication Diagrams
- Diagrams exist for tunnel communication setups varying by length and needs.
Emergency Telephones
- Emergency telephones should be positioned at key points in tunnels, walkways, and shafts (every 250 meters).
- They need to operate despite potential noise and low light conditions.
Public Addressing System
- A public address system using loudspeakers placed every 100 meters is needed inside tunnels. This is used for maintenance staff communication, incident warnings, etc.
Hotline Telephone
- Hotline services should connect to tunnel maintenance boxes and the central tunnel control room (or divisional control room) for prompt issues handling.
Control and Monitoring
- A control and monitoring system are necessary to oversee operations within tunnels.
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Description
Explore the various communication systems used in Indian Railways tunnels. This quiz covers different radio communication technologies, their frequency bands, and the specific needs for effective communication in tunnels. Test your understanding of the importance of these systems in maintenance and safety.
