Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What term is used to describe an abnormal mass of tissue that may be solid or fluid-filled?
Which of the following best describes a benign tumor?
What type of tumor arises from glandular epithelial tissue?
Which factor is NOT commonly linked to the growth of benign tumors?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes a pre-malignant tumor from a benign tumor?
Signup and view all the answers
Which treatment option is typically NOT needed for benign tumors?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of tumor grows on fibrous or connective tissue of any organ in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of tumor consists of adipose tissue (fat cells)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the process by which cancer cells spread from their primary site to distant locations in the human body called?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of tumor is able to invade surrounding tissues and is cancerous?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common type of birthmark that is a build-up of blood vessel cells in the skin or internal organs?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of tumor is derived from the skin or tissues that line body organs?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the p53 gene?
Signup and view all the answers
Which environmental pollutant is known to cause lung cancer?
Signup and view all the answers
Which behavior is NOT recommended for preventing cancer?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cancers are considered sun-related?
Signup and view all the answers
Which DNA viruses are known to cause specific cancers?
Signup and view all the answers
What do statistical studies suggest about dietary guidelines and cancer risk?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cancer had the highest incidence for men in 103 countries or territories in 2015?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of cancers begins in cells of the lobules or ducts of the breast?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a risk factor for breast cancer related to weight?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of cancer was the leading cause of cancer deaths for men in 29 countries in 2015?
Signup and view all the answers
In 2015, which type of cancer had 810,000 deaths worldwide?
Signup and view all the answers
What are some stromal tissues where breast cancer can less commonly begin?
Signup and view all the answers
Which activity can help reduce the risk of cancer according to the American Cancer Society?
Signup and view all the answers
What can alcohol consumption potentially affect, increasing cancer risk?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a significant risk factor for breast cancer after gender?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of mastectomy involves removing all breast tissue including skin, fatty tissue, lobules, and ducts?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a lumpectomy usually involve?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of therapy involves using biological agents or immunotherapy for cancer treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Types of Tumors
- Fibroids grow on fibrous or connective tissue of any organ in the body, e.g. uterine fibroids.
- Lipomas are the most common form of soft-tissue tumor, consisting of adipose tissue (fat cells).
- Haemangiomas are a build-up of blood vessel cells in the skin or internal organs, often appearing as a common type of birthmark.
Characteristics of Tumors
- A benign tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that may be solid or fluid-filled, and cannot metastasize.
- Cells of a benign tumor resemble normal cells, and most are not harmful to human health.
- Malignant tumors are cancerous, grow fast, and can spread (metastasize) to distant locations in the body.
Causes of Benign Tumors
- Often the cause is unknown, but growth may be linked to environmental toxins, exposure to radiation, genetics, diet, stress, local trauma or injury, or inflammation or infection.
Examples of Benign Tumors
- Adenomas arise from glandular epithelial tissue, e.g. bile duct, follicular, hepatocellular, and nipple adenomas.
- Uterine fibroids are common examples of benign tumors.
Characteristics of Malignant Tumors
- Cancer in situ is a malignant tumor found in its place of origin.
- Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from their primary site to distant locations in the body.
Types of Malignant Tumors
- Carcinoma is derived from the skin or tissues that line body organs (epithelial cells), e.g. carcinomas of the stomach, prostate, pancreas, lung, liver, colon, or breast.
Causes of Cancer
- Environmental carcinogens, such as pollutants, industrial chemicals, and certain DNA viruses, can cause specific cancers.
- Cancer can also be caused by exposure to radiation, certain chemicals, and diet.
Prevention of Cancer
- Behaviors that help prevent cancer include avoiding tobacco, sunbathing, and radiation exposure, getting vaccinated, and following a healthy diet.
Common Cancers
- Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from breast cells, and can begin in the lobules, ducts, or stromal tissues.
- Prostate cancer grows locally within the prostate, often for many years.
- Other common cancers include stomach, liver, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, bladder, and cervical cancer.
Risk Factors of Breast Cancer
- Age, family history, and medical history are significant risk factors.
- Other risk factors include weight, lack of exercise, alcohol consumption, and diet.
Treatment of Breast Cancer
- Treatment options depend on several factors, including type, stage, and education.
- Options may include lumpectomy, mastectomy, biological or targeted therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiation.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about tumours, including their definition and differentiation between benign and malignant types. Understand the basics of cancer, its causes, prevention, and characteristics of cancerous cells.