Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which marker is used primarily for follow-up and not early diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma?
Which marker is used primarily for follow-up and not early diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma?
- CA-125 (correct)
- AFP
- PSA
- CEA
Markers of host response to tumor are characterized by which two features?
Markers of host response to tumor are characterized by which two features?
- Low sensitivity and low specificity (correct)
- Low sensitivity and high specificity
- High sensitivity and low specificity
- High sensitivity and high specificity
Steroid receptors bind which of the following hormones in malignant breast tissues?
Steroid receptors bind which of the following hormones in malignant breast tissues?
- Estrogen and progesterone (correct)
- Thyroxine and glucagon
- Cortisol and prolactin
- Testosterone and insulin
Which type of tumor marker is used exclusively through tumor tissue biopsy?
Which type of tumor marker is used exclusively through tumor tissue biopsy?
Uric acid is an example of which type of biochemical marker?
Uric acid is an example of which type of biochemical marker?
The presence of steroid receptors in malignant breast tissues is an indicator of what?
The presence of steroid receptors in malignant breast tissues is an indicator of what?
Flashcards
Follow-up ovarian cancer marker
Follow-up ovarian cancer marker
CA-125 is primarily used to monitor treatment response and recurrence in ovarian cancer, rather than initial diagnosis.
Host response tumor marker features
Host response tumor marker features
Host response tumor markers often have low sensitivity and low specificity, meaning they aren't good at finding the tumor.
Breast cancer steroid receptors
Breast cancer steroid receptors
Estrogen and progesterone receptors are frequently found in breast cancers.
Prognostic tumor marker source
Prognostic tumor marker source
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Type of biochemical marker, uric acid
Type of biochemical marker, uric acid
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Steroid receptors in breast cancer & therapy
Steroid receptors in breast cancer & therapy
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Study Notes
Tumor Markers
- Cell Surface Glycoproteins and Mucins:
- Used for follow-up of certain tumors, not for early diagnosis
- Example: CA-125 is used in ovarian carcinoma
Markers of Host Response to Tumor:
- Characterized by low sensitivity and specificity
- May be the only biochemical markers for follow-up in some tumors
- Examples:
- Acute phase reactants, such as α1 acid glycoprotein and c-reactive protein
- Products of metabolism, such as uric acid
Cellular Markers Related to Prognosis:
- Detected only on tumor tissue biopsy
- Related to prognosis of tumors
Steroid Receptors:
- Cytoplasmic receptors that bind estrogen and progesterone
- Present in normal and malignant breast tissues
- Higher percentage found in postmenopausal women
- Presence in malignant breast tissues indicates good response to endocrine therapy
Genes and Nucleic Acid:
- Patterns of genes or alterations in nucleic acid structures used for tumor detection
- Specifically, looks at changes in genes or nucleic acid structures that occur in certain tumors
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