Week 1: Cancer basics

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Questions and Answers

List the 3 Tumor growth phases in order of occurence

1.Initiation 2.Promotion 3.Progression

What is a definition of cancer?

Mutations in genetic information of a cell that alters its function
Refers to a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division (correct)
A type of genetic disorder
Lump or mass of abnormal tissue cells

What is a neoplasm?

A benign tumor
A type of cancer
A lump or mass of abnormal tissue cells (correct)
A normal cell growth

What does cancer result from?

Mutations in genetic information of a cell that alters its function Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the ‘Initiation’ phase of tumor growth

Mutations of cells; this can be due to errors in cell division, inheritance from parents, or environmental exposure to damaging agents Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the ‘Promotion’ phase of tumor growth

Proliferation (the increase in # of daughter cells due to increased susceptibility to various promoters) & angiogenesis (tumor increases in size once it develops its own blood supply by forming new blood vessels) Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the ‘Progression’ phase of tumor growth?

Invasion and metastasis (occurs when tumor invades a blood vessel or lymphatic system and migrates to a different site to form a distant tumor) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a tumor has metastasized?

It means a tumor invades a blood vessel or lymphatic system and migrates to a different site to form a distant tumor Signup and view all the answers

Match term to definition

Proliferation = Increase in number of mutated daughter cells due to increased susceptibility to various promoters (growth factors, hormones etc) Angiogenesis = Tumor increases in size once it develops its own blood supply by forming new blood vessels Invasion = As the tumor continues to grow, it may start to invade surrounding tissues Metastasis = Occurs when the tumor invades a blood vessel or lymphatic system and migrates to a different site to form a distant tumor Signup and view all the answers

Put the 4 stages of cancer development in chronological order

1 = Hyperplasia 2 = Dysplasia 3 = In situ cancer 4 = Invasive cancer Signup and view all the answers

Name and explain the 4 stages of cancer development

<ol> <li>Hyperplasia: cels divide more rapidly than normal 2. Dysplasia: cells change form 3. In situ cancer: cells stay in one place 4. Invasive cancer: cancer cells invade normal tissues and enter blood and lymph and/or metastases form at distant sites</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers