Tube Feeding Routes: Advantages and Disadvantages
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary route through which enteral nutrition delivers nutrients?

  • Intramuscularly
  • Intravenously
  • Orally
  • Via a flexible tube (correct)

    • Why is enteral nutrition preferred when the GI tract is functioning?

  • It is less expensive and has fewer infectious complications (correct)
  • It is less effective
  • It has more infectious complications
  • It is more expensive

    • What is the primary difference between parenteral and enteral nutrition?

  • The taste of the supplements
  • The cost involved
  • The type of nutrients delivered
  • The method of administration (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT an example of an oral supplement mentioned in the text?

    <p>Intravenous supplements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are taste and ease of consumption important considerations for oral supplements?

    <p>To meet patient preferences and improve compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a popular liquid supplement sold in stores as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Intravenous Boost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tube feeding?

    <p>To aid in swallowing disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for tube feedings?

    <p>Severe GI bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are candidates for tube feedings according to the text?

    <p>Patients with little or no appetite for short periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is enteral nutrition primarily used for?

    <p>To deliver liquid formula directly to the GI tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might tube feeding be contraindicated?

    <p>If expected nutrition support is short-term</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition would NOT make a patient a candidate for tube feeding?

    <p>Having an extremely high appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the feeding route chosen for tube feeding?

    <p>Patient's medical condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of transnasal tube feeding?

    <p>Easy to remove by patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tube feeding route has the highest risk of aspiration in compromised patients?

    <p>Nasogastric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of nasoduodenal and nasojejunal tube feeding?

    <p>Risk of tube migration to the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tube feeding route allows for earlier feedings during acute stress?

    <p>Nasoduodenal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common disadvantage of long-term use of transnasal tube feeding?

    <p>Irritation of nasal passages and throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of tube enterostomies?

    <p>Keep the lower esophageal sphincter closed to reduce aspiration risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might general anesthesia be required for surgically placed tubes?

    <p>To ensure patient comfort during the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of gastrostomy feedings?

    <p>Feedings are often withheld before and after the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might jejunostomy be preferred despite being the most difficult insertion procedure?

    <p>Allows earlier tube feedings than gastrostomy during critical illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which access route has a moderate risk of aspiration in high-risk patients?

    <p>Gastrostomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might tube enterostomies be considered more comfortable than transnasal insertion for long-term use?

    <p>Are not visible under clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enteral Nutrition Support

    • Enteral nutrition provides nutrients using the GI tract.
    • It delivers nutrients via a flexible tube to the stomach or small intestine.

    Comparison with Parenteral Nutrition

    • Parenteral nutrition delivers nutrients intravenously.
    • Enteral nutrition is preferred if the GI tract is functioning because it is less expensive and associated with fewer infectious complications.

    Oral Supplements

    • Examples of oral supplements include nutrient-dense milkshakes, fruit drinks, puddings, and snack bars.
    • Taste is an important consideration when choosing oral supplements.
    • Popular liquid supplements sold in stores include Ensure, Boost, and Carnation Breakfast Essentials.

    Enteral Nutrition in Medical Care

    • Enteral nutrition is used for patients with a functional GI tract who cannot meet nutritional needs with regular foods alone.
    • Candidates for tube feedings include those with:
      • Swallowing disorders
      • Impaired motility in the upper GI tract
      • GI obstructions
      • Intestinal surgeries
      • Mechanical ventilation
      • Little or no appetite for extended periods
      • Extremely high nutrient requirements
      • Mental incapacitation (e.g. coma, neurological disorders)

    Contraindications for Tube Feedings

    • Severe GI bleeding
    • Intractable vomiting or diarrhea
    • Severe malabsorption
    • Expected need for nutrition support is less than 5 to 7 days in a malnourished patient or less than 7 to 9 days in an adequately nourished patient.

    Tube Feeding Routes

    • The feeding route chosen depends on the patient's medical condition, expected duration of tube feeding, and potential complications of a particular route.
    • There are several types of tube feeding routes, including:
      • Transnasal
      • Nasogastric
      • Nasoduodenal and nasojejunal
      • Tube enterostomies (e.g. gastrostomy, jejunostomy)

    Comparison of Tube-Feeding Routes

    • Each route has its own advantages and disadvantages, which are summarized in Table 20-1.

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    Description

    Explore the different feeding routes for tube feeding and learn about their advantages and disadvantages. Understand how the choice of feeding route is influenced by the patient's medical condition, expected duration of tube feeding, and potential complications.

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