Mastering Enteral Nutrition Tube Feeding Routes
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Questions and Answers

Which type of enteral formula is prepared by using a food blender to blend whole foods?

  • Specialized formulas
  • Modular formulas
  • Elemental formulas
  • Blenderized formulas (correct)

Which type of enteral formula contains macronutrients that have been broken down and require less digestion?

  • Elemental formulas (correct)
  • Blenderized formulas
  • Modular formulas
  • Specialized formulas

Which type of enteral formula includes nutrient combinations that assist in the treatment of certain illnesses?

  • Elemental formulas
  • Specialized formulas (correct)
  • Blenderized formulas
  • Modular formulas

Which type of enteral formula can be prepared by combining individual macronutrient and micronutrient preparations?

<p>Modular formulas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of MCT (medium-chain triglycerides)?

<p>They contain fatty acids with 6-12 carbons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are blenderized formulas suitable for?

<p>Patients with compromised digestive or absorptive function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are elemental formulas suitable for?

<p>Patients with compromised digestive or absorptive function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are specialized formulas suitable for?

<p>Patients who require specific nutrient combinations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are modular formulas suitable for?

<p>Patients who require specific nutrient combinations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of MCT (medium-chain triglycerides) in enteral formulas?

<p>They contain fatty acids with 6-12 carbons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why gastric feedings are preferred over intestinal feedings?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an enterostomy?

<p>To facilitate tube feeding for patients expected to be tube fed for 4 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with gastric feedings?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is aspiration?

<p>When food, liquid, or other material enters a person's airway and eventually the lungs by accident (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are feeding tubes made from?

<p>Flexible materials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the outer diameter of feeding tubes?

<p>French units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do standard formulas (polymeric formulas) contain?

<p>Intact proteins and polysaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of enteral formulas?

<p>To supply all of an individual’s nutrient requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of enteral nutrition tube feeding routes mentioned in the text?

<p>Gastrostomy and jejunostomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the choice of enteral feeding route?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which macronutrient should be higher in patients with metabolic stress?

<p>Protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended energy density of enteral formulas before or after some intestinal examinations and surgeries?

<p>1.0-2.0 Kcal/mL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the osmolality range of hypertonic formulas?

<p>300-700 milliosmoles/Kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor should be considered when selecting an enteral formula?

<p>GI function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients may require an elemental formula?

<p>Patients with impaired GI tract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fiber modifications in enteral formulas?

<p>Managing diarrhea, constipation, and hyperglycemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main risk associated with infusing medications along with enteral feedings?

<p>Diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should enteral formulas provide if fluid needs to be restricted?

<p>Adequate nutrient &amp; energy densities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked for patients with food allergies when selecting an enteral formula?

<p>Ingredient lists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when evaluating the patient's response to an enteral formula?

<p>Reevaluating the decision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems mentioned in the text?

<p>To prevent formula contamination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of feeding system has a higher chance of contamination?

<p>Open feeding system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using a closed feeding system?

<p>Lower chance of contamination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are at a higher risk of infection from foodborne illness?

<p>Malnourished individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fiber in enteral nutrition?

<p>Treating diarrhea or constipation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formula is appropriate for patients with high nutrient needs or fluid restrictions?

<p>High energy density formula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended formula for individuals with high fluid requirements?

<p>Formula with low energy density (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of tube-feeding complications?

<p>To monitor and identify complications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method for handling formula to prevent contamination?

<p>Closed feeding system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of specialized formulas?

<p>They assist in the treatment of certain illnesses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pH level indicates that a feeding tube is placed in the stomach?

<p>pH ≤5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method allows the patient freedom of movement between meals?

<p>Intermittent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method is best tolerated when delivered into the stomach?

<p>Intermittent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method is rapidly administered and does not require an infusion pump?

<p>Bolus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method is preferred for intestinal feedings?

<p>Continuous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method is slower and easier to tolerate, making it recommended for critically ill patients or patients who cannot tolerate intermittent feedings?

<p>Continuous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method has a higher risk of aspiration and may be difficult for some patients to tolerate?

<p>Intermittent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method can cause abdominal discomfort, nausea, and a greater risk of aspiration?

<p>Bolus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method is used only in patients who are not critically ill?

<p>Bolus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method allows the patient to have greater independence?

<p>Bolus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of tube feeding delivery is best tolerated when delivered into the stomach?

<p>Intermittent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method of tube feeding is rapidly administered, does not require an infusion pump, and allows greater independence for patients?

<p>Bolus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method of tube feeding has a higher risk of aspiration and may be difficult for some patients to tolerate?

<p>Bolus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method of tube feeding is used only in patients who are not critically ill?

<p>Bolus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method of tube feeding is preferred for intestinal feedings?

<p>Continuous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which delivery method of tube feeding is slower and easier to tolerate, making it recommended for critically ill patients or patients who cannot tolerate intermittent feedings?

<p>Continuous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range for tube placement in the stomach?

<p>pH ≤5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range for tube placement in the small intestine or respiratory tract?

<p>pH ≥6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended angle of elevation for the patient's upper body during and after tube feeding to reduce the risk of aspiration?

<p>30-45 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended delivery time for intermittent tube feeding?

<p>30-45 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Blenderized formulas

A type of enteral formula prepared by blending whole foods using a food blender, suitable for patients with compromised digestive or absorptive function.

Elemental formulas

A type of enteral formula containing broken-down macronutrients, requiring less digestion. Suitable for patients with compromised digestive or absorptive function.

Specialized formulas

A type of enteral formula containing specific nutrient combinations for treating particular illnesses. Suitable for patients requiring specific nutrient combinations.

Modular formulas

A type of enteral formula prepared by combining individual macronutrients and micronutrients. Suitable for patients requiring specific nutrient combinations.

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MCT (medium-chain triglycerides)

Fatty acids with 6-12 carbons, easily absorbed and utilized by the body. Often included in enteral formulas to enhance energy delivery.

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Aspiration

The passage of food, liquid, or other material into a person's airway and lungs, often due to improper swallowing or tube feeding issues. A serious complication of enteral feeding.

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Enterostomy

A surgical procedure creating an opening in the stomach (gastrostomy) or small intestine (jejunostomy) to facilitate long-term tube feeding.

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Gastric feeding

The placement of a feeding tube directly into the stomach, a common route for enteral feeding.

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Intestinal feeding

The placement of a feeding tube directly into the small intestine (jejunum), often preferred for patients with compromised gastric emptying or high aspiration risk.

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Feeding tube

A flexible tube inserted into the stomach or small intestine to deliver enteral nutrition.

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French units

A unit of measurement for the outer diameter of feeding tubes, commonly used in healthcare settings.

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Standard formulas (polymeric formulas)

Enteral formulas containing intact proteins and polysaccharides, requiring more digestion. A common type of enteral formula.

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Purpose of enteral formulas

To provide all the necessary nutrients to meet an individual's dietary requirements through tube feeding.

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Enteral feeding routes

The two main routes for enteral tube feeding: Gastrostomy (feeding tube placed directly into the stomach) and Jejunostomy (feeding tube placed directly into the small intestine).

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High protein formula

A type of enteral formula with a higher protein content, often recommended for patients experiencing metabolic stress.

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Energy density of enteral formulas

The concentration of nutrients in an enteral formula, measured in Kcal/mL. Can be high, low, or moderate.

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Hypertonic formulas

Formulas with an osmolality range of 300-700 milliosmoles/Kg. Can be hypertonic, isotonic, or hypotonic.

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GI function

An important factor to consider when selecting an enteral formula, as it influences the choice of formula based on the patient's ability to absorb and digest nutrients.

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Fiber modifications

Modifications made to the fiber content of enteral formulas to manage digestive issues like diarrhea, constipation, and hyperglycemia.

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Infusing medications with enteral feedings

A potential risk associated with infusing medications along with enteral feedings. Can cause diarrhea and affect medication absorption.

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Fluid restriction

The purpose of enteral formulas is to provide adequate nutrients and energy density when fluid needs to be restricted.

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Food allergies

Checking the ingredient lists of formulas to ensure they are free of allergens specific to patients who may have allergic reactions.

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Evaluating patient response

The process of evaluating a patient's response to an enteral formula, to ensure it meets their needs and adjust the formula as required.

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HACCP systems

A system of preventing foodborne illnesses, ensuring the safety of enteral formulas through hazard identification and critical control points.

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Open feeding system

A feeding system with a higher chance of contamination, requiring careful handling and hygiene measures.

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Closed feeding system

A feeding system designed to minimize contamination risk by providing a closed, sterile environment for formula delivery.

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Fiber adjustments

The process of adjusting the fiber content of enteral formulas to address digestive issues like diarrhea or constipation.

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High energy density formula

Enteral formulas with higher energy density, often recommended for individuals with high nutrient needs or fluid restrictions.

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Low energy density formula

Enteral formulas with lower energy density, suitable for individuals with high fluid requirements.

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Tube-feeding complications

A complex of techniques and strategies aimed at identifying, preventing, and managing potential problems related to tube feeding.

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Specialized formulas

A specialized formula tailored to address specific illnesses or conditions, providing targeted nutrition for healing and management.

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Intermittent delivery

A common method of feeding, administering formula intermittently over a period of time, providing flexibility for the patient.

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Continuous delivery

A slower and more gradual delivery method for enteral formulas, often preferred for critically ill patients or those who cannot tolerate intermittent feeding.

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Bolus delivery

A faster and more concentrated method of delivering enteral formula, often administered as a single bolus over a short period.

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