key and sum chap 7
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Questions and Answers

What is the bond angle in a trigonal bipyramidal shape?

  • 90°
  • 120° (correct)
  • 180°
  • 109.5°

Which theory is used to predict bond angles based on positioning regions of high electron density as far apart as possible?

  • Born-Haber cycle
  • Octet rule
  • VSEPR theory (correct)
  • Inert pair effect

What property describes the separation of charge in a bond?

  • Bond energy
  • Bond dipole moment (correct)
  • Bond length
  • Lattice energy

What is the term for a covalent bond where electrons are shared unevenly between atoms?

<p>Double bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape has six outside groups around a central atom in a three-dimensional arrangement?

<p>Octahedral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a pure covalent bond, what happens to the shared electrons?

<p>They are shared equally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines how polar a bond will be between two atoms?

<p>Difference in electronegativity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for an atom's ability to attract a pair of electrons in a chemical bond?

<p>Electronegativity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecules obey the octet rule for electron configuration?

<p>Second row elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the strength of a covalent bond measured?

<p>Bond dissociation energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of a molecule is described by the dipole moment?

<p>Separation of charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a molecule with an odd number of electrons that is considered unstable?

<p>Free radical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the VSEPR theory, what does 'VSEPR' stand for?

<p>Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a covalent bond between atoms of different electronegativities?

<p>Polar covalent bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shape involves a central atom with two pyramids above and below a square plane?

<p>Octahedral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ability of an atom to attract a pair of electrons in a chemical bond?

<p>Electronegativity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a diatomic molecule of two identical atoms, how is the nature of the bond characterized?

<p>Covalent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred Lewis structure when assigning formal charges to atoms in a molecule?

<p>One with formal charges as close to zero as possible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the strength of a covalent bond measured?

<p>By its bond dissociation energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule according to VSEPR theory?

<p>Electron-pair geometry that minimizes repulsions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the strength of a covalent bond?

<p>Electronegativity difference (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the lattice energy of an ionic compound?

<p>Size of the ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the average of the distribution of electrons indicated by different Lewis structures?

<p>Resonance hybrid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to determining whether a bond is polar or nonpolar?

<p>Difference in electronegativity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Lewis structure, how are formal charges assigned to each atom?

<p>By treating each bond as sharing one-half of the electrons with each atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of a molecule describes the separation of charge that depends on the difference in electronegativity and bond distance?

<p>Dipole moment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shape involves four outside groups placed around a central atom with 109.5° angles between each pair?

<p>Tetrahedral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Lewis structures, which term refers to the situation where one structure is insufficient to describe the bonding in a molecule?

<p>Resonance form (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory predicts bond angles by positioning regions of high electron density as far apart as possible to minimize electrostatic repulsion?

<p>VSEPR theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of a covalent bond is represented by partial charges or a vector and is determined by the sum of the individual bond moments in a molecule?

<p>Bond dipole moment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the average of the distribution of electrons indicated by different Lewis structures?

<p>resonance hybrid</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the strength of a covalent bond measured?

<p>bond dissociation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

In VSEPR theory, what is the term used to describe the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule?

<p>molecular structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the strength of a covalent bond?

<p>difference in electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a molecule with an odd number of electrons that is considered unstable?

<p>free radicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

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