Podcast
Questions and Answers
Trichotillomania is classified separately from obsessive-compulsive disorder in DSM-5.
Trichotillomania is classified separately from obsessive-compulsive disorder in DSM-5.
False
Body dysmorphic disorder is included in the group of disorders related to OCD due to shared characteristics.
Body dysmorphic disorder is included in the group of disorders related to OCD due to shared characteristics.
True
Hoarding disorder is not considered a compulsive disorder according to DSM-5.
Hoarding disorder is not considered a compulsive disorder according to DSM-5.
False
All disorders related to OCD are characterized by the absence of compulsive behaviors.
All disorders related to OCD are characterized by the absence of compulsive behaviors.
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The DSM-5 categorizes conditions related to OCD based solely on their diagnostic labels rather than their clinical features.
The DSM-5 categorizes conditions related to OCD based solely on their diagnostic labels rather than their clinical features.
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Trichotillomania is classified under impulse control disorders in both DSM-5 and ICD-10.
Trichotillomania is classified under impulse control disorders in both DSM-5 and ICD-10.
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The prevalence of trichotillomania among college students is reported to be around 1-2%.
The prevalence of trichotillomania among college students is reported to be around 1-2%.
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Cognitive behavior therapy shows greater effectiveness in treating trichotillomania than clomipramine.
Cognitive behavior therapy shows greater effectiveness in treating trichotillomania than clomipramine.
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Fluoxetine has been found to be a reliably beneficial treatment for trichotillomania.
Fluoxetine has been found to be a reliably beneficial treatment for trichotillomania.
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Trichotillomania can potentially be comorbid with mood and anxiety disorders.
Trichotillomania can potentially be comorbid with mood and anxiety disorders.
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First-degree relatives of patients with OCD show lower rates of grooming disorders.
First-degree relatives of patients with OCD show lower rates of grooming disorders.
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Hoarding disorder is recognized as a symptom of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in DSM-5.
Hoarding disorder is recognized as a symptom of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in DSM-5.
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The most commonly hoarded items include food and electronics.
The most commonly hoarded items include food and electronics.
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Hoarding behavior is typically associated with high levels of distress at the thought of reducing clutter.
Hoarding behavior is typically associated with high levels of distress at the thought of reducing clutter.
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Diogenes syndrome is linked to self-neglect and not associated with dementia.
Diogenes syndrome is linked to self-neglect and not associated with dementia.
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The lifetime prevalence of pathological hoarding is estimated to be around 5% to 10%.
The lifetime prevalence of pathological hoarding is estimated to be around 5% to 10%.
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Cognitive behavioral therapy has not shown to be beneficial for hoarding disorder.
Cognitive behavioral therapy has not shown to be beneficial for hoarding disorder.
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Hoarding behavior typically interferes with the individual's daily life.
Hoarding behavior typically interferes with the individual's daily life.
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Pathological hoarding is believed to have no genetic component.
Pathological hoarding is believed to have no genetic component.
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Hoarding can occur in younger individuals, but it mostly arises in middle-aged or elderly persons.
Hoarding can occur in younger individuals, but it mostly arises in middle-aged or elderly persons.
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Thoughts about hoarding are always experienced as intrusive and repetitive.
Thoughts about hoarding are always experienced as intrusive and repetitive.
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Study Notes
Trichotillomania Diagnosis
- Characterized by repetitive hair pulling despite attempts to stop, leading to significant distress or social/occupational impairment.
- Must be distinguished from other medical conditions or mental disorders as per DSM-5 criteria.
- ICD-10 categorizes it under impulse control disorders, noting tension before pulling and relief afterward.
Trichotillomania Epidemiology
- Prevalence estimated at approximately 1-2% among college students reporting problematic hair pulling.
- Family studies indicate higher rates of obsessive-compulsive behaviors and grooming disorders in first-degree relatives, suggesting a shared genetic predisposition with OCD.
Trichotillomania Management
- Psychological therapies, especially behavioral treatments like habit reversal, have shown validation; cognitive behavior therapy surpasses clomipramine and placebo.
- Behavioral therapy is not clearly superior when compared to some psychological control procedures.
- Clomipramine and N-acetylcysteine demonstrate positive responses, while fluoxetine is not consistently beneficial.
Hoarding Disorder Clinical Features
- Recognized as distinct in DSM-5, diverging from its historical association with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
- Persistent inability to discard possessions, creating clutter that obstructs living spaces.
- Commonly hoarded items include newspapers, clothing, and paperwork; some hoard animals in unsafe conditions.
- Associated phenomena include Diogenes syndrome in older individuals, linked to severe self-neglect and potential dementia.
Hoarding Disorder Diagnosis
- Diagnosis hinges on a longstanding difficulty parting with worthless items and significant distress at discarding them.
- Results in excessive clutter impacting hygiene and safety of living environments.
- Simultaneous diagnoses of hoarding disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality are documented where applicable.
Hoarding Disorder Epidemiology
- Estimates of pathological hoarding show a lifetime prevalence of roughly 2-4%, with familial and genetic factors playing a role.
- Research indicates that hoarding becomes more prevalent with age, inversely correlates with income levels, and is more common in men than women.
- Alcohol dependence shows a correlation with hoarding, unlike OCD.
Hoarding Disorder Management
- Patients often perceive their hoarding as non-problematic, complicating management efforts.
- Cognitive behavior therapy tailored for hoarding has shown efficacy compared to waitlist controls.
- Pharmacotherapy, including SSRIs and venlafaxine, appears beneficial, although most studies are open-label and require further validation.
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Description
This quiz explores the diagnosis, epidemiology, and management of trichotillomania, a psychological disorder characterized by the compulsive urge to pull out hair. It covers the DSM-5 criteria for diagnosis, the prevalence among college students, and the effectiveness of various treatment approaches. Test your knowledge on this often-misunderstood condition.
