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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of cutaneous larva migrans (CLM)?
What is the primary cause of cutaneous larva migrans (CLM)?
Facial edema, fever, and myositis are suggestive of Trichinella spiralis infection.
Facial edema, fever, and myositis are suggestive of Trichinella spiralis infection.
True
What is the drug of choice (DOC) for treating Trichinella spiralis infection?
What is the drug of choice (DOC) for treating Trichinella spiralis infection?
Mebendazole
Cutaneous larva migrans typically progresses in a _____ or serpiginous way.
Cutaneous larva migrans typically progresses in a _____ or serpiginous way.
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Match the symptoms to the respective conditions:
Match the symptoms to the respective conditions:
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Which of the following is a method for diagnosing Trichinella spiralis?
Which of the following is a method for diagnosing Trichinella spiralis?
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The larvae of cutaneous larva migrans can penetrate the dermis in humans.
The larvae of cutaneous larva migrans can penetrate the dermis in humans.
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The commonest sites affected by cutaneous larva migrans are the _____, feet, back, or buttocks.
The commonest sites affected by cutaneous larva migrans are the _____, feet, back, or buttocks.
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What is the infective stage of Trichinella spiralis?
What is the infective stage of Trichinella spiralis?
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Dracunculus medinensis is commonly known as the Guinea worm.
Dracunculus medinensis is commonly known as the Guinea worm.
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Which tissue does Trichinella spiralis primarily invade?
Which tissue does Trichinella spiralis primarily invade?
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The primary host for Dracunculus medinensis is the ______.
The primary host for Dracunculus medinensis is the ______.
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Match the following stages of Trichinella spiralis with their correct descriptions:
Match the following stages of Trichinella spiralis with their correct descriptions:
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What is the mode of infection for Dracunculus medinensis?
What is the mode of infection for Dracunculus medinensis?
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Symptoms of Trichinella spiralis infection include acute food poisoning-like symptoms.
Symptoms of Trichinella spiralis infection include acute food poisoning-like symptoms.
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What triggers the burning sensation in Dracunculus medinensis infection?
What triggers the burning sensation in Dracunculus medinensis infection?
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Which of the following is a common treatment for Dracunculus medinensis?
Which of the following is a common treatment for Dracunculus medinensis?
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Eosinophilia is present in the blood picture when diagnosing Cutaneous larva migrans.
Eosinophilia is present in the blood picture when diagnosing Cutaneous larva migrans.
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What is the primary method for preventing Dracunculus medinensis infection?
What is the primary method for preventing Dracunculus medinensis infection?
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The destruction of rats and proper breeding of pigs are part of the prevention for ________.
The destruction of rats and proper breeding of pigs are part of the prevention for ________.
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Match the statement about CLM with the correct explanation:
Match the statement about CLM with the correct explanation:
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Which imaging technique is utilized to identify calcified cysts in parasitic infections?
Which imaging technique is utilized to identify calcified cysts in parasitic infections?
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What is the common treatment used to reduce inflammation around the worm in Dracunculus medinensis infections?
What is the common treatment used to reduce inflammation around the worm in Dracunculus medinensis infections?
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Boiling and filtration of well water are recommended methods for the prevention of Dracunculus medinensis.
Boiling and filtration of well water are recommended methods for the prevention of Dracunculus medinensis.
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Study Notes
Trichinella spiralis
- Causative agent: Trichinella spiralis
- Disease: Trichinosis (larval infection) or trichiniasis (adult infection)
- Morphology: Small, thread-like; females are larviparous
- Life cycle: Ingestion of larvae → adults in small intestine → fertilization → larvae in circulation → muscle tissue (encysted larvae)
- Definitive host (DH): Humans
- Intermediate host (IH): Pigs and rodents (cannibalism)
- Habitat: Small intestine, then muscle tissue
- Diagnostic stage: Trichinella capsule
- Infective stage: Trichinella capsule in flesh of pigs
- Mode of infection: Eating undercooked pork containing Trichinella capsule
- Pathogenesis (intestinal phase): Irritation → gastroenteritis (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, colic, fever)
- Pathogenesis (migration/muscle invasion phase): Allergic reaction & myositis of striated muscles (orbital edema, myalgia, weakness, fever, anorexia, headache, splinter hemorrhage); encystation of larvae
- Pathogenesis (convalescent stage): Symptoms subside; potential for myocarditis, HF, pneumonia, encephalitis, (rarely fatal)
Dracunculus medinensis
- Causative agent: Dracunculus medinensis (Medina worm or Guinea worm)
- Disease: Dracunculiasis
- Life cycle: Larvae → adults → female migrate to subcutaneous tissue → blister forms → rupture in water → release larvae; cyclodevelopmental transmission
- DH: Humans
- IH: Cyclops
- Habitat: Subcutaneous tissue
- Diagnostic stage: Larvae present in blister
- Infective stage: Larvae in Cyclops
- Mode of infection: Drinking water with infected Cyclops containing infective larvae
- Pathogenesis: Papule → blister, burning sensation, redness, induration; systemic allergy (low grade fever, urticaria), secondary infection (cellulitis, tetanus); ulcers; arthritis; (rarely) ectopic lesions (lung, pericardium, spinal cord)
Cutaneous Larva Migrans (CLM)
- Causative agent: Filariform larvae of dog and cat hookworms (Ancylostoma braziliense or Ancylostoma caninum)
- Disease: Creeping Eruption (CLM)
- Mode of infection: Skin contact with soil contaminated with cat or dog feces containing infective larvae
- Pathogenesis: Intense pruritis, raised erythematous track; slow migration (< 2 cm/day) in epidermis; secondary bacterial infection; common sites: hands, feet, back, buttocks
- Note: Larvae cannot penetrate basement membrane, migrates in epidermis only, dies without invading dermis.
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Description
Test your knowledge about Trichinella spiralis and its role in causing trichinosis. This quiz covers its life cycle, morphology, diagnostic stages, and the pathogenesis involved in the infection process. Challenge yourself and learn about this fascinating parasitic organism!
