Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the parts of tree anatomy with their functions:
Match the parts of tree anatomy with their functions:
Leaves = Food producers of the tree Roots = Anchorage and absorption Trunk = Support and transport Bark = Protection against pests and diseases
Match the components of photosynthesis with their roles:
Match the components of photosynthesis with their roles:
Chloroplasts = Site of photosynthesis Chlorophyll = Green pigment that captures light Stomates = Gas exchange Cuticle = Waxy protective layer
Match the roots with their types:
Match the roots with their types:
Taproot = Deep main root for stability Lateral roots = Roots spreading horizontally Sinker roots = Vertical roots anchoring the tree Small absorbing roots = Roots responsible for water absorption
Match the processes with their descriptions:
Match the processes with their descriptions:
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Match the terms with their descriptions in tree physiology:
Match the terms with their descriptions in tree physiology:
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Match the following terms with their definitions related to tree anatomy:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to tree anatomy:
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Match the following types of meristems with their functions:
Match the following types of meristems with their functions:
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Match the following parts of a tree with their descriptions:
Match the following parts of a tree with their descriptions:
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Match the following xylem types with their characteristics:
Match the following xylem types with their characteristics:
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Match the following processes with their definitions in tree physiology:
Match the following processes with their definitions in tree physiology:
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Study Notes
Tree Biology Overview
- This session covers tree anatomy (structure) and physiology (function)
- It examines how trees are put together, how they grow in their environment, and compartmentalization of decay in trees (CODIT).
Tree Biology- Definitions
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Tree Biology: The study of tree structure and function, and the relationships between them.
- Anatomy: The study of the component parts of a tree.
- Physiology: The study of the biological and chemical processes within those components.
Tree Anatomy-Cells and Tissues
- Apical Meristems: Primary meristems that produce cells for root and shoot elongation.
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Lateral Meristems: Secondary meristems that increase a tree's diameter.
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Cambium: A thin, continuous sheath of dividing cells that forms the tree's vascular system.
- Xylem: Produced inside the cambium, conducts water and minerals, supports the tree, and stores resources. It's often part of the main wood.
- Phloem: Produced outside the cambium, moves sugars produced in leaves to roots and other parts of the plant for storage and use.
- Cork Cambium: Produces bark.
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Cambium: A thin, continuous sheath of dividing cells that forms the tree's vascular system.
Apical (Primary) Meristems - Shoots
- Photos include a diagram of shoot tip with terminal bud scale scar.
Apical (Primary) Meristems - Roots
- Photos include a sequence image of growing roots.
Lateral (Secondary) Meristems
- Diagram of a cross-section of a tree trunk showing different layers (bark, cortex, phloem,cambium, xylem).
Tree Anatomy-Cells and Tissues (Xylem & Phloem)
- Xylem: Wood of the tree, made of both living and dead cells. Conducts water and minerals, supports the tree, stores resources, and defends against disease/decay.
- Phloem: Responsible for moving sugars produced in leaves throughout the plant for storage and use.
Tree Anatomy-Cells and Tissues (Bark)
- Bark: Outer covering of branches and stems, made of non-functional phloem and corky cells, moderates temperature, defends against injury, reduces water loss.
- Lenticels: Small openings in the bark that allow gas exchange.
Tree Anatomy-Branches
- Branch Collar: Area where a branch joins another branch or the trunk, created by overlapping xylem tissues.
- Branch Bark Ridge: Area of a tree's crotch where the growth and development of adjoining limbs causes a bark ridge.
Tree Anatomy-Leaves
- Leaves: Food producers of the tree, contain chloroplasts (sites of photosynthesis) and chlorophyll (green pigment).
- Cuticle: Waxy layer outside the epidermis of a leaf.
- Stomates: Small pores between guard cells; allow gas exchange.
Tree Anatomy-Roots
- Functions: Anchorage, absorption, conduction, and storage are all essential to trees.
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Types of Roots:
- Sinkers roots: Support the tree's canopy.
- Taproot: Large central root (e.g., walnut, hickory).
- Smaller absorbing roots: Usually in topsoil and in great numbers.
- Lateral Roots: Extends in the soil.
Tree Physiology - Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants use light energy to build carbon molecules from water and carbon dioxide.
- Photosynthates: Sugars and other products of photosynthesis; stored for tree's later energy needs.
- Chlorophyll/Chloroplasts: Critical components involved in photosynthesis.
Tree Physiology- Respiration
- Respiration: Process wherein carbs produced during photosynthesis are converted into energy using oxygen. This is the opposite reaction of photosynthesis.
Tree Physiology-Hormones and Growth Regulation
- Hormones: Plant hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, ABA) regulate various stages of the tree's life cycle.
- Includes a diagram that traces the life cycle of a tree, from germination to abscission and seed dormancy, and the different plant hormones involved in each phase.
- Auxins: Produced in the canopy's growing tips, stimulate root growth.
- Gibberellins: Produced in root tips, stimulate canopy growth.
Tree Physiology- Hormones and Apical Dominance
- Explains apical dominance.
Humans Heal and Trees Seal
- A comparison of how humans and trees heal.
CODIT- Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees
- Describes how decay is compartmentalized within a tree, showing that it isn't uniform and that decay spreads in specific ways.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of tree biology, focusing on the anatomy and physiology of trees. This quiz examines key components such as meristems, xylem, and the processes that govern tree growth and decay compartmentalization. Join to deepen your understanding of these vital organisms.
