Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the motivation of Major Ridge and the faction that signed the Treaty of New Echota?
Which of the following best describes the motivation of Major Ridge and the faction that signed the Treaty of New Echota?
- To secure a peaceful future for the Cherokee people by reluctantly ceding land. (correct)
- To incite conflict with the U.S. government and assert Cherokee sovereignty through military action.
- To gain personal wealth and power by betraying their nation.
- To undermine the leadership of Principal Chief John Ross and seize control of the Cherokee Nation.
The Treaty of New Echota was widely supported by the Cherokee people and their elected leadership.
The Treaty of New Echota was widely supported by the Cherokee people and their elected leadership.
False (B)
What present-day state was designated as the primary relocation destination for the Cherokee people, as stipulated by the Treaty of New Echota?
What present-day state was designated as the primary relocation destination for the Cherokee people, as stipulated by the Treaty of New Echota?
Oklahoma
The forced removal of the Cherokee people following the Treaty of New Echota is known as the ______.
The forced removal of the Cherokee people following the Treaty of New Echota is known as the ______.
Match the following items to their appropriate descriptions regarding the Treaty of New Echota:
Match the following items to their appropriate descriptions regarding the Treaty of New Echota:
What did the U.S. government promise the Cherokee in exchange for their land in the Treaty of New Echota?
What did the U.S. government promise the Cherokee in exchange for their land in the Treaty of New Echota?
The Treaty of New Echota was universally accepted and supported by the Cherokee population at the time.
The Treaty of New Echota was universally accepted and supported by the Cherokee population at the time.
What was the name given to the forced removal of the Cherokee people from their ancestral lands, resulting from the enforcement of the Treaty of New Echota?
What was the name given to the forced removal of the Cherokee people from their ancestral lands, resulting from the enforcement of the Treaty of New Echota?
The Treaty of New Echota mandated the cession of all Cherokee land in the Southeastern United States, encompassing regions in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and ______.
The Treaty of New Echota mandated the cession of all Cherokee land in the Southeastern United States, encompassing regions in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and ______.
What was a significant consequence of the internal strife caused by the Treaty of New Echota within the Cherokee Nation?
What was a significant consequence of the internal strife caused by the Treaty of New Echota within the Cherokee Nation?
Which U.S. president played a significant role in advocating for the Indian removal policy that led to the Treaty of New Echota?
Which U.S. president played a significant role in advocating for the Indian removal policy that led to the Treaty of New Echota?
The Treaty of New Echota was widely supported by the majority of the Cherokee people at the time it was signed.
The Treaty of New Echota was widely supported by the majority of the Cherokee people at the time it was signed.
What was the primary reason Major Ridge and his faction supported the Treaty of New Echota?
What was the primary reason Major Ridge and his faction supported the Treaty of New Echota?
The Treaty of New Echota required the Cherokee to cede their lands in the Southeastern U.S., including areas in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and ______.
The Treaty of New Echota required the Cherokee to cede their lands in the Southeastern U.S., including areas in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and ______.
Match the following individuals with their roles related to the Treaty of New Echota:
Match the following individuals with their roles related to the Treaty of New Echota:
What was the Trail of Tears, which resulted from the Treaty of New Echota?
What was the Trail of Tears, which resulted from the Treaty of New Echota?
The U.S. government fully honored its promise of $5 million in payment to the Cherokee Nation as stipulated in the Treaty of New Echota.
The U.S. government fully honored its promise of $5 million in payment to the Cherokee Nation as stipulated in the Treaty of New Echota.
What broader historical context does the Treaty of New Echota represent in terms of U.S. history?
What broader historical context does the Treaty of New Echota represent in terms of U.S. history?
Flashcards
Treaty of New Echota
Treaty of New Echota
Signed on December 29, 1835, it led to the removal of the Cherokee Nation.
Major Ridge
Major Ridge
A leader of the small faction that signed the Treaty of New Echota.
Cession of land
Cession of land
The treaty required the Cherokee to give up their land in the Southeastern U.S.
Trail of Tears
Trail of Tears
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Cherokee resistance
Cherokee resistance
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U.S. government pressure
U.S. government pressure
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Factions in Cherokee Nation
Factions in Cherokee Nation
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Cherokee land cession
Cherokee land cession
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U.S. payment terms
U.S. payment terms
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Relocation provisions
Relocation provisions
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Illegitimacy of the treaty
Illegitimacy of the treaty
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Trail of Tears significance
Trail of Tears significance
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Internal conflict
Internal conflict
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Betrayal of Cherokee
Betrayal of Cherokee
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Cherokee internal strife
Cherokee internal strife
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Forced removal
Forced removal
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Trail of Tears deaths
Trail of Tears deaths
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Symbol of injustice
Symbol of injustice
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Study Notes
Treaty of New Echota
- Signed December 29, 1835, a pivotal moment in both U.S. and Cherokee history. It resulted from U.S. government pressure, particularly under Andrew Jackson's presidency, to remove Indigenous peoples for westward expansion.
Parties Involved
- Signed by a minority faction of the Cherokee Nation, primarily led by Major Ridge, a prominent leader. This faction believed ceding land was necessary for Cherokee survival.
- This was strongly opposed by the majority of the Cherokee people and their leaders, including Principal Chief John Ross, who viewed the treaty as illegitimate.
- The internal conflict within the Cherokee Nation intensified due to differing opinions regarding the treaty's legitimacy and the best course of action.
Terms of the Treaty
- Mandated the cession of all Cherokee land in the Southeastern U.S., impacting Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
- The U.S. government promised $5 million in compensation.
- It outlined relocation to land west of the Mississippi River (present-day Oklahoma), with hopes of peaceful coexistence and Cherokee autonomy.
Controversy
- Many Cherokees considered the treaty illegitimate and a betrayal of their heritage and land rights.
- It severely weakened the Cherokee political structure by fostering significant internal divisions.
- The U.S. government's enforcement of the treaty displayed a blatant disregard for Cherokee rights and sovereignty.
Impact
- The treaty led to the forced removal of the Cherokee people, resulting in the Trail of Tears (1838-1839).
- Approximately 4,000 Cherokee deaths occurred due to disease, hardship, and starvation during the removal.
- The event reflects the broader injustices faced by Native Americans during westward expansion and the U.S. government's pursuit of its expansionist goals.
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